妊

See also: 姙

妊	U+598A, 妊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-598A

← 妉
[U+5989]

CJK Unified Ideographs

妋 →
[U+598B]

Translingual

Han character

妊 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女竹土 (VHG), four-corner 4241₄, composition ⿰女壬)

conceive
be pregnant

Derived characters

𡤊

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 6

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6072

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1031, character 6

Unihan data for U+598A

Chinese

trad.		妊
simp. ^#		妊

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (壬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
紝	nɯm, njɯm, *njɯms
鵀	nɯm, njɯm, *njɯms
拰	*nɯmʔ
賃	*nɯms
任	njɯm, njɯms
壬	l̥ʰeːŋʔ, njɯm
恁	njɯm, njɯmʔ
銋	njɯm, njɯmʔ
荏	*njɯmʔ
餁	*njɯmʔ
栠	*njɯmʔ
袵	*njɯmʔ
飪	*njɯmʔ
妊	*njɯms
衽	*njɯms

Etymology

Cognate with 任 (OC *njɯm, *njɯms, “to be burdened; to be loaded”). See there for more.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rèn (ren⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jam⁶, jam⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): līm / jīm

(Teochew, Peng'im): rim⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: rèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rèn
  - Wade–Giles: jên⁴
  - Yale: rèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
  - Palladius: жэнь (žɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jam⁶, jam⁴
  - Yale: yahm, yàhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jam⁶, jam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yem⁶, yem⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐm²²/, /jɐm²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līm
  - Tâi-lô: līm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lim
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lim²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lim³³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm
  - Tâi-lô: jīm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jim
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /zim³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zim²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: rim⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jĭm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zim³⁵/

Middle Chinese: nyimH

Rime
Character	妊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	汝鴆切
Baxter	nyimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵim^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjem^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵim^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiəm^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯əm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jam⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*njɯms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妊
Reading #	1/1
No.	10822
Phonetic component	壬
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	妊
Old Chinese	/*njɯms/

Definitions

妊

pregnant

Compounds

妊娠
妊娠紋／妊娠纹 (rènshēnwén)
妊娠線／妊娠线
妊婦／妊妇 (rènfù)
妊神星 (Rènshénxīng)

Japanese

Kanji

妊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

pregnancy

Readings

Go-on: にん (nin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: じん (jin)
Kun: はらむ (haramu, 妊む)

Korean

Alternative forms

姙

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 妊 (MC nyimH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅀᅵᆷ〮 (Yale: zím)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527	ᄇᆡᆯ (Yale: pòyl)	ᅀᅵᆷ〯 (Yale: zǐm)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [i(ː)m]
Phonetic hangul: [임(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 妊 (eumhun 아이 밸 임 (ai bael im))

Hanja form^? of 임 (“pregnancy”).

Compounds

임신 (妊娠, imsin)
임부 (妊婦, imbu)
피임 (避妊, piim)
피임법 (避妊法, piimbeop)
임신부 (妊娠婦, imsinbu)
임산부 (妊産婦, imsanbu)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

妊: Hán Nôm readings: nhâm

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