墳

See also: 坟

墳	U+58B3, 墳 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58B3

← 墲
[U+58B2]

CJK Unified Ideographs

墴 →
[U+58B4]

墳	U+FA7D, 墳 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA7D

← 塚
[U+FA7C]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

奄 →
[U+FA7E]

Translingual

Han character

墳 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 土十廿金 (GJTC), four-corner 4418₆, composition ⿰土賁)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 239, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5488
Dae Jaweon: page 479, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 485, character 6
Unihan data for U+58B3
Unihan data for U+FA7D

Chinese

trad.		墳
simp.		坟
alternative forms		坆

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 墳
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (奔) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
賁	prals, bɯl, pɯːn, bɯn
蟦	bɯl, bɯlʔ, *bɯls
膹	bɯlʔ, bɯnʔ
橨	bɯlʔ, bɯn
奔	pɯːn, pɯːns
錛	*pɯːn
噴	pʰɯːn, pʰɯːns, *pɯns
濆	pʰɯːn, bɯn
歕	pʰɯːn, pʰɯːns
獖	*bɯːnʔ
餴	*pɯn
饙	*pɯn
僨	*pɯns
墳	bɯn, bɯnʔ
燌	*bɯn
豶	*bɯn
羵	*bɯn
蕡	*bɯn
鐼	bɯn, hmɯns
馩	*bɯn
轒	bɯn, bɯnʔ
鼖	*bɯn
憤	*bɯnʔ
鱝	*bɯnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯn, *bɯnʔ) : semantic 土 + phonetic 賁 (OC *prals, *bɯl, *pɯːn, *bɯn).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fén (fen²)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fen²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фын (fɨn, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fun³
Gan (Wiktionary): fiin⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pùn

(Meixian, Guangdong): fun²
Jin (Wiktionary): feng¹
Eastern Min (BUC): hùng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hûn / phûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): pung⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶ven
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fén
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fén
  - Wade–Giles: fên²
  - Yale: fén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fern
  - Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fen²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фын (fɨn, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fəŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fun²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fiin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɨn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: bunˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bun²
  - Sinological IPA: /pun¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fun²
  - Sinological IPA: /fun¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: feng¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /fə̃ŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûn
  - Tâi-lô: hûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huun
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phûn
  - Tâi-lô: phûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phuun
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰun²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰun²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶ven
  - MiniDict: ven^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ven
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vən²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fen²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸən¹³/

Middle Chinese: bjun

Rime
Character	墳
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	符分切
Baxter	bjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/biun/
Shao Rongfen	/biuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bun/
Li Rong	/biuən/
Wang Li	/bĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bɯn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	墳
Reading #	1/2
No.	454
Phonetic component	奔
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	汾
Old Chinese	/*bɯn/

Definitions

墳

grave; mound (Classifier: 座)
(literary) embankment; raised bank
(literary) to bulge; to swell

Synonyms

(grave):

墓葬 (mùzàng)
墳包／坟包 (fen² bao¹) (Sichuanese)
墳塚／坟冢 (fénzhǒng) (literary)
墳墓／坟墓 (fénmù)
宅兆 (zháizhào) (literary)
風水／风水 (Hakka, Hokkien, Teochew)

Dialectal synonyms of 墳 (“grave”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		墳墓, 墳
Mandarin	Beijing	墳
	Harbin	墳
	Yantai (Muping)	墳
	Jinan	墳
	Luoyang	墳, 墳地, 塋地, 墳墓
	Wanrong	墳, 墓
	Xi'an	墳, 墓
	Yinchuan	墳塋
	Ürümqi	墳
	Wuhan	墳
	Chengdu	墳, 墳墓
	Chongqing	墳, 墳墓
	Guiyang	墳, 墳墓 large
	Guilin	墳
	Liuzhou	墳, 山
	Xuzhou	墳墓, 墳
	Yangzhou	墳, 墳攤, 墳攤堆子
	Nanjing	墳
	Hefei	墳堰
	Changle (Qinjiang)	墳
	Singapore	墓, 墳墓
	Dagudi (Maliba)	墳堆
	Reshuitang (Longling)	墳堆
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	墳堆
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	墳
Cantonese	Guangzhou	山墳, 山, 墳
	Hong Kong	山墳, 墳, 墓, 墳墓
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	墳頭
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	墳頭
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	墳頭
	Macau	墳墓
	Taishan (Guanghai)	墳墓
	Dongguan	墓
	Yangjiang	山, 墳山
	Maoming (Xinpo)	墳山
	Nanning	墳山
	Wuzhou	墳山
	Yulin	墳山
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	墳山, 山
	Hepu (Shatian)	山
	Beihai	墳, 山
	Beihai (Nankang)	墳
	Beihai (Yingpan)	山, 墳山
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	墳墓, 墳頭, 墳山
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	墳墓, 墳山
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	墳墓
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	山墳, 義山
	Singapore (Guangfu)	墳墓
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	山墳
	Móng Cái	墳墓
	Mandalay (Taishan)	墳山, 墳墓
Gan	Nanchang	墳
	Lichuan	墳, 墳塋 large
	Jianning	地
	Taining	地
Hakka	Meixian	地, 墓
	Xingning	泥壠 first burial, 地 second burial
	Huidong (Daling)	地
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	墳頭
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	地, 地墳
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	地
	Wengyuan	地墳
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	地
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	地 second burial
	Liannan	墳
	Jiexi	地
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	地
	Pinghe (Jiufeng)	地
	Changting	地
	Shanghang	地
	Yongding	地
	Wuping	地
	Wuping (Yanqian)	地, 死佬
	Wuping (Pingyu)	地
	Liancheng	地
	Ninghua	地
	Qingliu	地
	Yudu	地
	Ruijin	地, 風水
	Shicheng	地
	Shangyou (Shexi)	地
	Tonggu (Sandu)	墳, 地
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	地
	Dayu	地
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	風水
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	風水
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	風水
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	風水
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	風水
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	地, 風水
	Hong Kong	墳頭
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	山
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	山, 山頭
	Xinyi (Sihe)	山地
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	墳山
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	墳地
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	墳山
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	墳地
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	墳, 墳地
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	墳, 地 without a body buried
	Mengshan (Xihe)	墳地
	Luchuan	山
	Senai (Huiyang)	墳, 風水, 義山
	Senai (Hepo)	墳墓, 地 dated
	Singkawang	地, 地門堂
	Pontianak (Meixian)	地
Jin	Taiyuan	墳, 墓
Northern Min	Jian'ou	塚
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	塚
	Songxi	塚
	Zhenghe	塚
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	塚
	Jianyang	塚
	Wuyishan	塚
	Pucheng (Shibei)	塚
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	墓
	Changle	墓
	Lianjiang	墓
	Fuqing	墓
	Pingtan	墓
	Yongtai	墓
	Minqing	墓
	Gutian	地, 墓
	Pingnan	墓
	Luoyuan	墓
	Fu'an	墓
	Ningde	墓
	Xiapu	墓
	Zherong	墓
	Shouning	墓
	Zhouning	墓
	Fuding	墓
Southern Min	Xiamen	墓, 墓仔, 風水
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	墓
	Quanzhou	墓, 風水
	Jinjiang	墓
	Nan'an	墓
	Shishi	墓
	Hui'an	墓
	Anxi	墓
	Yongchun	墓
	Dehua	墓
	Zhangzhou	墓, 墓仔, 風水
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	墓
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	墓
	Hua'an	墓
	Nanjing	墓
	Pinghe	墓仔
	Zhangpu	墓
	Yunxiao	墓
	Zhao'an	墓
	Dongshan	墓
	Tainan	墓, 風水
	Kinmen	墓
	Penang (Hokkien)	墓
	Singapore (Hokkien)	墓, 墓地, 公司山 dated
	Manila (Hokkien)	墓, 風水
	Longyan	墓
	Zhangping	墓
	Datian	墓
	Chaozhou	墳, 風水
	Lufeng	風水
	Haifeng	風水
	Bangkok (Teochew)	墳, 義山
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	墳
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	墳
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	墳, 義山
	Singapore (Teochew)	墳
	Leizhou	墓
	Haikou	墓
Puxian Min	Putian	墓
Puxian Min	Xianyou	墓
Central Min	Yong'an	墳
	Sanyuan	墳
	Shaxian	墳
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	墓
	Guangze	墓
	Jiangle	地
	Mingxi	地
	Shunchang	塚, 墳
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	墳墓, 山
Shehua	Fu'an	墓
	Fuding	墓
	Luoyuan	墳
	Sanming	墳
	Shunchang	墳
	Hua'an	墳
	Guixi (Zhangping)	墳
	Cangnan	墳
	Jingning	墳
	Lishui	墳
	Longyou	墳
	Chaozhou	墳
	Fengshun	墳
Wu	Shanghai	墳, 墳墓, 墓
	Shanghai (Chongming)	墳
	Suzhou	墳
	Danyang	墳墓
	Hangzhou	墳
	Ningbo	墳, 墓
	Wenzhou	墳
	Yiwu	墳頭
	Pucheng	墳
Xiang	Changsha	墳
	Loudi	墳, 墓
	Shuangfeng	墳, 墓
	Jiangyong	祖

Compounds

三墳／三坟
上墳／上坟 (shàngfén)
三墳五典／三坟五典
丘墳／丘坟
亂墳崗／乱坟岗 (luànfèngǎng)
五子哭墳／五子哭坟
典墳／典坟
圓墳／圆坟
墳典／坟典
墳圈子／坟圈子
墳園／坟园
墳地／坟地 (féndì)
墳場／坟场 (fénchǎng)
墳塚／坟冢 (fénzhǒng)
墳塋／坟茔 (fényíng)
墳墓／坟墓 (fénmù)
墳壤／坟壤
墳山／坟山 (fénshān)
墳所／坟所
墳樹／坟树
墳然／坟然
墳籍／坟籍
墳起／坟起
墳陵／坟陵
墳頭／坟头 (féntóu)
孤墳／孤坟
孤墳野塚／孤坟野冢
小上墳／小上坟
岳墳／岳坟
新墳／新坟
汝墳／汝坟
添墳／添坟
皇墳／皇坟
看墳／看坟
祖墳／祖坟 (zǔfén)
祭墳／祭坟
自掘墳墓／自掘坟墓 (zìjuéfénmù)
負土成墳／负土成坟
錯上墳／错上坟
陽墳／阳坟

Descendants

→ Zhuang: faenz

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fèn (fen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
  - Wade–Giles: fên⁴
  - Yale: fèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
  - Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fan⁵
  - Yale: fáhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɐn¹³/

Middle Chinese: bjunX

Rime
Character	墳
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房吻切
Baxter	bjunX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨun^X/
Pan Wuyun	/biun^X/
Shao Rongfen	/biuən^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bun^X/
Li Rong	/biuən^X/
Wang Li	/bĭuən^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uən^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bɯnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	墳
Reading #	2/2
No.	467
Phonetic component	奔
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	憤
Old Chinese	/*bɯnʔ/

Definitions

墳

^† fertile

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fèn (fen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fèn
  - Wade–Giles: fên⁴
  - Yale: fèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
  - Palladius: фэнь (fɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹/

Definitions

墳

^† (of land) to bulge

References

“墳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

墳

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Tomb

Readings

Go-on: ぶん (bun); ぼん (bon)
Kan-on: ふん (fun, Jōyō); ほん (hon)
Kun: はか (haka, 墳); つつみ (tsutsumi, 墳)

Compounds

墳塋(ふんえい) (fun'ei)
墳丘(ふんきゅう) (funkyū)
墳墓(ふんぼ) (funbo)
円墳(えんぷん) (enpun)
古墳(こふん) (kofun)
前方後円墳(ぜんぽうこうえんふん) (zenpōkōenfun)
土墳(どふん) (dofun)
八角墳(はっかくふん) (hakkakufun)
方墳(ほうふん) (hōfun)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 墳 (MC bjun).

Hanja

墳 (eumhun 무덤 분 (mudeom bun))

Hanja form^? of 분 (“grave, mound”).
Hanja form^? of 분 (“bulge”).

Vietnamese

Han character

墳: Hán Nôm readings: phần

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