噬

噬	U+566C, 噬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-566C

← 噫
[U+566B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

噭 →
[U+566D]

Translingual

Han character

噬 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口竹一人 (RHMO), four-corner 6801₈, composition ⿰口筮)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 210, character 10

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4382

Dae Jaweon: page 433, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 692, character 5

Unihan data for U+566C

Chinese

trad.		噬
simp. ^#		噬
alternative forms		簭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (筮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
噬	*djads
筮	*djads
簭	*djads
澨	*djads
遾	*djads

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djads) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 筮 (OC *djads).

Etymology

Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *m-tet-s, from volitional prefix *m- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 瘈 (OC *k(ə)-tet-s, “mad; rabid (dog)”) also derives.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai⁶, sai⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): sai⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ

(Meixian, Guangdong): si⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): siê
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sē / sī

(Teochew, Peng'im): si⁷
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶zy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Yale: shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - Palladius: ши (ši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sai⁶, sai⁴
  - Yale: saih, sàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai⁶, sai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei⁶, sei⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯²²/, /sɐi̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: sai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sē
  - Tâi-lô: sē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: se
  - IPA (Xiamen): /se²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si¹¹/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy
  - MiniDict: zy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/

Middle Chinese: dzyejH

Rime
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時制切
Baxter	dzyejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiaj^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛi^H/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]e[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*djads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]e[t]-s/
English	bite (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
No.	11657
Phonetic component	筮
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	逝
Old Chinese	/*djads/

Definitions

噬

to bite; to gnaw

Compounds

侵噬
內噬／内噬
反噬 (fǎnshì)
含噬
吞噬 (tūnshì)
吞噬細胞／吞噬细胞 (tūnshì xìbāo)
咋噬
咥噬
咬噬
哮噬
啗噬
啖噬
噉噬
噬人菌
噬吞
噬嗑 (shìhé)
噬指
噬指棄薪／噬指弃薪
噬搏
噬攫
噬犬
噬狗
噬胾
噬膚／噬肤
噬臍／噬脐
噬臍何及／噬脐何及
噬臍無及／噬脐无及
噬臍莫及／噬脐莫及
噬菌體／噬菌体 (shìjūntǐ)
噬螫
噬負／噬负
噬賢／噬贤
噬逆
噬齊／噬齐
噬齧／噬啮
嚙噬／啮噬
屠噬
巨噬細胞／巨噬细胞 (jùshìxìbāo)
援噬
搏噬
擇肥而噬／择肥而噬
攫噬
柢噬
橫噬／横噬
毒噬
犴噬
狂噬
狼吞虎噬
狼噬
狼餐虎噬
獸困則噬／兽困则噬
笑口噬噬
肥噬
臍噬／脐噬
虎噬
螫噬
貓噬鸚鵡／猫噬鹦鹉
蹠犬噬堯／蹠犬噬尧
騰噬／腾噬
鯨吞虎噬／鲸吞虎噬
鯨吞蛇噬／鲸吞蛇噬
鷙擊狼噬／鸷击狼噬
鷹揚虎噬／鹰扬虎噬
齕噬／龁噬
齧噬／啮噬

Japanese

Kanji

噬

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): ぜい (zei)

Kun: かむ (kamu)

Korean

Hanja

噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)

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Vietnamese

Han character

噬: Hán Nôm readings: phè

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