tosach

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tosach (“beginning”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”). Akin to taoiseach. Compare Scottish Gaelic toiseach/tòisich.

Pronunciation

Noun

tosach m (genitive singular tosaigh, nominative plural tosaigh)

  1. beginning, commencement
    Synonym: tús
    Tosach sláinte codladh. (proverb)
    Sleep is the first sign of recovery.
  2. front, front end
  3. (nautical) bow (of a boat)
  4. face (of a building etc.)
    Synonyms: éadan, aghaidh
  5. the lead (in a race etc.)

Declension
Declension of tosach

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tosach tosaigh
Vocative a thosaigh a thosacha
Genitive tosaigh tosach
Dative tosach tosaigh

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an tosach na tosaigh
Genitive an tosaigh na dtosach
Dative leis an tosach

don tosach

 leis na tosaigh

Derived terms
  • chun tosaigh (“(facing) forward(s)”)
  • i dtosach (“in the beginning, in the front”)
  • ó thosach (“from the beginning; at the beginning”)
  • tosaí (“forward, striker (in football)”)
  • urthosach (“very beginning; forefront, van”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
tosach thosach dtosach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tosach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 72, page 38

Further reading

Old Irish

Alternative forms
  • tossach

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈtosax]

Noun

tosach n (genitive tosaig, nominative plural tosge)

  1. beginning

Inflection
Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative tosachN tosachN tosachL, tosge
Vocative tosachN tosachN tosachL, tosge
Accusative tosachN tosachN tosachL, tosge
Genitive tosaigL tosach tosachN
Dative tosuchL toschib toschib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Irish: tosach
  • Manx: toshiaght
  • Scottish Gaelic: toiseach

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
tosach thosach tosach
pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
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