themba

Southern Ndebele

Verb

-thémba

to trust

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Verb

-thémba

to hope, to trust

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Verb

-thémba

(transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of -ethemba

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukuthemba
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuthemba	ukungathembi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	themba	-thembe
Plural	thembani	-thembeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyathemba, ngithemba	engithembayo, engithemba	ngithemba	angithembi	engingathembi	ngingathembi
2nd singular	uyathemba, uthemba	othembayo, othemba	uthemba	awuthembi	ongathembi	ungathembi
1st plural	siyathemba, sithemba	esithembayo, esithemba	sithemba	asithembi	esingathembi	singathembi
2nd plural	niyathemba, nithemba	enithembayo, enithemba	nithemba	anithembi	eningathembi	ningathembi
Class 1	uyathemba, uthemba	othembayo, othemba	ethemba	akathembi	ongathembi	engathembi
Class 2	bayathemba, bathemba	abathembayo, abathemba	bethemba	abathembi	abangathembi	bengathembi
Class 3	uyathemba, uthemba	othembayo, othemba	uthemba	awuthembi	ongathembi	ungathembi
Class 4	iyathemba, ithemba	ethembayo, ethemba	ithemba	ayithembi	engathembi	ingathembi
Class 5	liyathemba, lithemba	elithembayo, elithemba	lithemba	alithembi	elingathembi	lingathembi
Class 6	ayathemba, athemba	athembayo, athemba	ethemba	awathembi	angathembi	engathembi
Class 7	siyathemba, sithemba	esithembayo, esithemba	sithemba	asithembi	esingathembi	singathembi
Class 8	ziyathemba, zithemba	ezithembayo, ezithemba	zithemba	azithembi	ezingathembi	zingathembi
Class 9	iyathemba, ithemba	ethembayo, ethemba	ithemba	ayithembi	engathembi	ingathembi
Class 10	ziyathemba, zithemba	ezithembayo, ezithemba	zithemba	azithembi	ezingathembi	zingathembi
Class 11	luyathemba, luthemba	oluthembayo, oluthemba	luthemba	aluthembi	olungathembi	lungathembi
Class 14	buyathemba, buthemba	obuthembayo, obuthemba	buthemba	abuthembi	obungathembi	bungathembi
Class 15	kuyathemba, kuthemba	okuthembayo, okuthemba	kuthemba	akuthembi	okungathembi	kungathembi
Class 17	kuyathemba, kuthemba	okuthembayo, okuthemba	kuthemba	akuthembi	okungathembi	kungathembi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngithembile, ngithembē	engithembile, engithembē	ngithembile, ngithembē	angithembanga	engingathembanga	ngingathembanga
2nd singular	uthembile, uthembē	othembile, othembē	uthembile, uthembē	awuthembanga	ongathembanga	ungathembanga
1st plural	sithembile, sithembē	esithembile, esithembē	sithembile, sithembē	asithembanga	esingathembanga	singathembanga
2nd plural	nithembile, nithembē	enithembile, enithembē	nithembile, nithembē	anithembanga	eningathembanga	ningathembanga
Class 1	uthembile, uthembē	othembile, othembē	ethembile, ethembē	akathembanga	ongathembanga	engathembanga
Class 2	bathembile, bathembē	abathembile, abathembē	bethembile, bethembē	abathembanga	abangathembanga	bengathembanga
Class 3	uthembile, uthembē	othembile, othembē	uthembile, uthembē	awuthembanga	ongathembanga	ungathembanga
Class 4	ithembile, ithembē	ethembile, ethembē	ithembile, ithembē	ayithembanga	engathembanga	ingathembanga
Class 5	lithembile, lithembē	elithembile, elithembē	lithembile, lithembē	alithembanga	elingathembanga	lingathembanga
Class 6	athembile, athembē	athembile, athembē	ethembile, ethembē	awathembanga	angathembanga	engathembanga
Class 7	sithembile, sithembē	esithembile, esithembē	sithembile, sithembē	asithembanga	esingathembanga	singathembanga
Class 8	zithembile, zithembē	ezithembile, ezithembē	zithembile, zithembē	azithembanga	ezingathembanga	zingathembanga
Class 9	ithembile, ithembē	ethembile, ethembē	ithembile, ithembē	ayithembanga	engathembanga	ingathembanga
Class 10	zithembile, zithembē	ezithembile, ezithembē	zithembile, zithembē	azithembanga	ezingathembanga	zingathembanga
Class 11	luthembile, luthembē	oluthembile, oluthembē	luthembile, luthembē	aluthembanga	olungathembanga	lungathembanga
Class 14	buthembile, buthembē	obuthembile, obuthembē	buthembile, buthembē	abuthembanga	obungathembanga	bungathembanga
Class 15	kuthembile, kuthembē	okuthembile, okuthembē	kuthembile, kuthembē	akuthembanga	okungathembanga	kungathembanga
Class 17	kuthembile, kuthembē	okuthembile, okuthembē	kuthembile, kuthembē	akuthembanga	okungathembanga	kungathembanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāthemba	engāthemba	ngāthemba	angithembanga	engingathembanga	ngingathembanga
2nd singular	wāthemba	owāthemba	wāthemba	awuthembanga	ongathembanga	ungathembanga
1st plural	sāthemba	esāthemba	sāthemba	asithembanga	esingathembanga	singathembanga
2nd plural	nāthemba	enāthemba	nāthemba	anithembanga	eningathembanga	ningathembanga
Class 1	wāthemba	owāthemba	āthemba	akathembanga	ongathembanga	engathembanga
Class 2	bāthemba	abāthemba	bāthemba	abathembanga	abangathembanga	bengathembanga
Class 3	wāthemba	owāthemba	wāthemba	awuthembanga	ongathembanga	ungathembanga
Class 4	yāthemba	eyāthemba	yāthemba	ayithembanga	engathembanga	ingathembanga
Class 5	lāthemba	elāthemba	lāthemba	alithembanga	elingathembanga	lingathembanga
Class 6	āthemba	āthemba	āthemba	awathembanga	angathembanga	engathembanga
Class 7	sāthemba	esāthemba	sāthemba	asithembanga	esingathembanga	singathembanga
Class 8	zāthemba	ezāthemba	zāthemba	azithembanga	ezingathembanga	zingathembanga
Class 9	yāthemba	eyāthemba	yāthemba	ayithembanga	engathembanga	ingathembanga
Class 10	zāthemba	ezāthemba	zāthemba	azithembanga	ezingathembanga	zingathembanga
Class 11	lwāthemba	olwāthemba	lwāthemba	aluthembanga	olungathembanga	lungathembanga
Class 14	bāthemba	obāthemba	bāthemba	abuthembanga	obungathembanga	bungathembanga
Class 15	kwāthemba	okwāthemba	kwāthemba	akuthembanga	okungathembanga	kungathembanga
Class 17	kwāthemba	okwāthemba	kwāthemba	akuthembanga	okungathembanga	kungathembanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingathemba	—	ngingathemba	ngingethembe	—	ngingethembe
2nd singular	ungathemba	—	ungathemba	ungethembe	—	ungethembe
1st plural	singathemba	—	singathemba	singethembe	—	singethembe
2nd plural	ningathemba	—	ningathemba	ningethembe	—	ningethembe
Class 1	angathemba	—	engathemba	angethembe	—	engethembe
Class 2	bangathemba	—	bengathemba	bangethembe	—	bengethembe
Class 3	ungathemba	—	ungathemba	ungethembe	—	ungethembe
Class 4	ingathemba	—	ingathemba	ingethembe	—	ingethembe
Class 5	lingathemba	—	lingathemba	lingethembe	—	lingethembe
Class 6	angathemba	—	engathemba	angethembe	—	engethembe
Class 7	singathemba	—	singathemba	singethembe	—	singethembe
Class 8	zingathemba	—	zingathemba	zingethembe	—	zingethembe
Class 9	ingathemba	—	ingathemba	ingethembe	—	ingethembe
Class 10	zingathemba	—	zingathemba	zingethembe	—	zingethembe
Class 11	lungathemba	—	lungathemba	lungethembe	—	lungethembe
Class 14	bungathemba	—	bungathemba	bungethembe	—	bungethembe
Class 15	kungathemba	—	kungathemba	kungethembe	—	kungethembe
Class 17	kungathemba	—	kungathemba	kungethembe	—	kungethembe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizothemba	engizothemba	ngizothemba	angizuthemba	engingezuthemba	ngingezuthemba
2nd singular	uzothemba	ozothemba	uzothemba	awuzuthemba	ongezuthemba	ungezuthemba
1st plural	sizothemba	esizothemba	sizothemba	asizuthemba	esingezuthemba	singezuthemba
2nd plural	nizothemba	enizothemba	nizothemba	anizuthemba	eningezuthemba	ningezuthemba
Class 1	uzothemba	ozothemba	ezothemba	akazuthemba	ongezuthemba	engezuthemba
Class 2	bazothemba	abazothemba	bezothemba	abazuthemba	abangezuthemba	bengezuthemba
Class 3	uzothemba	ozothemba	uzothemba	awuzuthemba	ongezuthemba	ungezuthemba
Class 4	izothemba	ezothemba	izothemba	ayizuthemba	engezuthemba	ingezuthemba
Class 5	lizothemba	elizothemba	lizothemba	alizuthemba	elingezuthemba	lingezuthemba
Class 6	azothemba	azothemba	ezothemba	awazuthemba	angezuthemba	engezuthemba
Class 7	sizothemba	esizothemba	sizothemba	asizuthemba	esingezuthemba	singezuthemba
Class 8	zizothemba	ezizothemba	zizothemba	azizuthemba	ezingezuthemba	zingezuthemba
Class 9	izothemba	ezothemba	izothemba	ayizuthemba	engezuthemba	ingezuthemba
Class 10	zizothemba	ezizothemba	zizothemba	azizuthemba	ezingezuthemba	zingezuthemba
Class 11	luzothemba	oluzothemba	luzothemba	aluzuthemba	olungezuthemba	lungezuthemba
Class 14	buzothemba	obuzothemba	buzothemba	abuzuthemba	obungezuthemba	bungezuthemba
Class 15	kuzothemba	okuzothemba	kuzothemba	akuzuthemba	okungezuthemba	kungezuthemba
Class 17	kuzothemba	okuzothemba	kuzothemba	akuzuthemba	okungezuthemba	kungezuthemba
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyothemba	engiyothemba	ngiyothemba	angiyuthemba	engingeyuthemba	ngingeyuthemba
2nd singular	uyothemba	oyothemba	uyothemba	awuyuthemba	ongeyuthemba	ungeyuthemba
1st plural	siyothemba	esiyothemba	siyothemba	asiyuthemba	esingeyuthemba	singeyuthemba
2nd plural	niyothemba	eniyothemba	niyothemba	aniyuthemba	eningeyuthemba	ningeyuthemba
Class 1	uyothemba	oyothemba	eyothemba	akayuthemba	ongeyuthemba	engeyuthemba
Class 2	bayothemba	abayothemba	beyothemba	abayuthemba	abangeyuthemba	bengeyuthemba
Class 3	uyothemba	oyothemba	uyothemba	awuyuthemba	ongeyuthemba	ungeyuthemba
Class 4	iyothemba	eyothemba	iyothemba	ayiyuthemba	engeyuthemba	ingeyuthemba
Class 5	liyothemba	eliyothemba	liyothemba	aliyuthemba	elingeyuthemba	lingeyuthemba
Class 6	ayothemba	ayothemba	eyothemba	awayuthemba	angeyuthemba	engeyuthemba
Class 7	siyothemba	esiyothemba	siyothemba	asiyuthemba	esingeyuthemba	singeyuthemba
Class 8	ziyothemba	eziyothemba	ziyothemba	aziyuthemba	ezingeyuthemba	zingeyuthemba
Class 9	iyothemba	eyothemba	iyothemba	ayiyuthemba	engeyuthemba	ingeyuthemba
Class 10	ziyothemba	eziyothemba	ziyothemba	aziyuthemba	ezingeyuthemba	zingeyuthemba
Class 11	luyothemba	oluyothemba	luyothemba	aluyuthemba	olungeyuthemba	lungeyuthemba
Class 14	buyothemba	obuyothemba	buyothemba	abuyuthemba	obungeyuthemba	bungeyuthemba
Class 15	kuyothemba	okuyothemba	kuyothemba	akuyuthemba	okungeyuthemba	kungeyuthemba
Class 17	kuyothemba	okuyothemba	kuyothemba	akuyuthemba	okungeyuthemba	kungeyuthemba
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngithembe	ngingathembi
2nd singular	uthembe	ungathembi
1st plural	sithembe	singathembi
2nd plural	nithembe	ningathembi
Class 1	athembe	angathembi
Class 2	bathembe	bangathembi
Class 3	uthembe	ungathembi
Class 4	ithembe	ingathembi
Class 5	lithembe	lingathembi
Class 6	athembe	angathembi
Class 7	sithembe	singathembi
Class 8	zithembe	zingathembi
Class 9	ithembe	ingathembi
Class 10	zithembe	zingathembi
Class 11	luthembe	lungathembi
Class 14	buthembe	bungathembi
Class 15	kuthembe	kungathembi
Class 17	kuthembe	kungathembi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngathemba	ngangathemba, angathemba, angangathemba
2nd singular	wathemba	wangathemba, awathemba, awangathemba
1st plural	sathemba	sangathemba, asathemba, asangathemba
2nd plural	nathemba	nangathemba, anathemba, anangathemba
Class 1	wathemba	wangathemba, akathemba, akangathemba
Class 2	bathemba	bangathemba, abathemba, abangathemba
Class 3	wathemba	wangathemba, awathemba, awangathemba
Class 4	yathemba	yangathemba, ayathemba, ayangathemba
Class 5	lathemba	langathemba, alathemba, alangathemba
Class 6	athemba	angathemba, awathemba, awangathemba
Class 7	sathemba	sangathemba, asathemba, asangathemba
Class 8	zathemba	zangathemba, azathemba, azangathemba
Class 9	yathemba	yangathemba, ayathemba, ayangathemba
Class 10	zathemba	zangathemba, azathemba, azangathemba
Class 11	lwathemba	lwangathemba, alwathemba, alwangathemba
Class 14	bathemba	bangathemba, abathemba, abangathemba
Class 15	kwathemba	kwangathemba, akwathemba, akwangathemba
Class 17	kwathemba	kwangathemba, akwathemba, akwangathemba

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “themba”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “themba (3.2.9)”

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