songa

Swahili

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-songa (infinitive kusonga)

  1. to press
    kusonga ugali ― to make ugali
  2. to braid, to plait

Conjugation
Conjugation of -songa
Positive present -nasonga
Subjunctive -songe
Negative -songi
Imperative singular songa
Infinitives
Positive kusonga
Negative kutosonga
Imperatives
Singular songa
Plural songeni
Tensed forms
Habitual husonga
Positive past positive subject concord + -lisonga
Negative past negative subject concord + -kusonga
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasonga)
Singular Plural
1st person ninasonga/nasonga tunasonga
2nd person unasonga mnasonga
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasonga wanasonga
other classes positive subject concord + -nasonga
Negative present (negative subject concord + -songi)
Singular Plural
1st person sisongi hatusongi
2nd person husongi hamsongi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasongi hawasongi
other classes negative subject concord + -songi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasonga
Negative future negative subject concord + -tasonga
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -songe)
Singular Plural
1st person nisonge tusonge
2nd person usonge msonge
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asonge wasonge
other classes positive subject concord + -songe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisonge
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesonga
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesonga
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisonga
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisonga
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asonga)
Singular Plural
1st person nasonga twasonga
2nd person wasonga mwasonga
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asonga wasonga
m-mi(III/IV) wasonga yasonga
ji-ma(V/VI) lasonga yasonga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasonga vyasonga
n(IX/X) yasonga zasonga
u(XI) wasonga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwasonga
pa(XVI) pasonga
mu(XVIII) mwasonga
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesonga
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshasonga
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasonga
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kisonga
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposonga
Consecutive kasonga / positive subject concord + -kasonga
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasonge
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nisonga -tusonga
2nd person -kusonga -wasonga/-kusongeni/-wasongeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msonga -wasonga
m-mi(III/IV) -usonga -isonga
ji-ma(V/VI) -lisonga -yasonga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisonga -visonga
n(IX/X) -isonga -zisonga
u(XI) -usonga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusonga
pa(XVI) -pasonga
mu(XVIII) -musonga
Reflexive -jisonga
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -songa- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -songaye -songao
m-mi(III/IV) -songao -songayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -songalo -songayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -songacho -songavyo
n(IX/X) -songayo -songazo
u(XI) -songao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -songako
pa(XVI) -songapo
mu(XVIII) -songamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -songa)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yesonga -osonga
m-mi(III/IV) -osonga -yosonga
ji-ma(V/VI) -losonga -yosonga
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosonga -vyosonga
n(IX/X) -yosonga -zosonga
u(XI) -osonga see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kosonga
pa(XVI) -posonga
mu(XVIII) -mosonga
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms
  • Verbal derivations:
  • Nominal derivations:

West Makian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈs̪o.ŋa/

Noun

songa

  1. old woman

Etymology 2

Related to Malay sungai.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈs̪o.ŋa/

Noun

songa

  1. river

References
  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-songa?

  1. to roll up

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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