shtaki

Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic اِشْتَكَى‎ (ištakā).

Pronunciation
  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-shtaki (infinitive kushtaki)

  1. to accuse
  2. to charge (accuse of a crime)

Conjugation
Conjugation of -shtaki
Positive present -nashtaki
Subjunctive -shtaki
Negative -shtaki
Imperative singular shtaki
Infinitives
Positive kushtaki
Negative kutoshtaki
Imperatives
Singular shtaki
Plural shtakini
Tensed forms
Habitual hushtaki
Positive past positive subject concord + -lishtaki
Negative past negative subject concord + -kushtaki
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashtaki)
Singular Plural
1st person ninashtaki/nashtaki tunashtaki
2nd person unashtaki mnashtaki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anashtaki wanashtaki
other classes positive subject concord + -nashtaki
Negative present (negative subject concord + -shtaki)
Singular Plural
1st person sishtaki hatushtaki
2nd person hushtaki hamshtaki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hashtaki hawashtaki
other classes negative subject concord + -shtaki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tashtaki
Negative future negative subject concord + -tashtaki
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shtaki)
Singular Plural
1st person nishtaki tushtaki
2nd person ushtaki mshtaki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashtaki washtaki
other classes positive subject concord + -shtaki
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sishtaki
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeshtaki
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeshtaki
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalishtaki
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalishtaki
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashtaki)
Singular Plural
1st person nashtaki twashtaki
2nd person washtaki mwashtaki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ashtaki washtaki
m-mi(III/IV) washtaki yashtaki
ji-ma(V/VI) lashtaki yashtaki
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chashtaki vyashtaki
n(IX/X) yashtaki zashtaki
u(XI) washtaki see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwashtaki
pa(XVI) pashtaki
mu(XVIII) mwashtaki
Perfect positive subject concord + -meshtaki
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshashtaki
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jashtaki
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kishtaki
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposhtaki
Consecutive kashtaki / positive subject concord + -kashtaki
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kashtaki
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nishtaki -tushtaki
2nd person -kushtaki -washtaki/-kushtakini/-washtakini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mshtaki -washtaki
m-mi(III/IV) -ushtaki -ishtaki
ji-ma(V/VI) -lishtaki -yashtaki
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kishtaki -vishtaki
n(IX/X) -ishtaki -zishtaki
u(XI) -ushtaki see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kushtaki
pa(XVI) -pashtaki
mu(XVIII) -mushtaki
Reflexive -jishtaki
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shtaki- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -shtakiye -shtakio
m-mi(III/IV) -shtakio -shtakiyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -shtakilo -shtakiyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -shtakicho -shtakivyo
n(IX/X) -shtakiyo -shtakizo
u(XI) -shtakio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -shtakiko
pa(XVI) -shtakipo
mu(XVIII) -shtakimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shtaki)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeshtaki -oshtaki
m-mi(III/IV) -oshtaki -yoshtaki
ji-ma(V/VI) -loshtaki -yoshtaki
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choshtaki -vyoshtaki
n(IX/X) -yoshtaki -zoshtaki
u(XI) -oshtaki see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koshtaki
pa(XVI) -poshtaki
mu(XVIII) -moshtaki
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms
  • Verbal derivations:
    • Applicative: -shtakia
    • Passive: -shtakiwa
    • Reciprocal: -shtakiana
    • Stative: -shtakika
  • Nominal derivations:
  • shtaka (“charge, accusation, complaint”)
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