plebeius

Latin

Etymology

From plēbēs (“the common people”) (archaic form of plēbs) +‎ -ius, alternatively analyzable as plēbs +‎ -ēius.

Pronunciation
  • (tetrasyllabic, Graecizing) (Classical) IPA(key): /pleːˈbeː.i.us/, [pɫ̪eːˈbeːiʊs̠]
  • (trisyllabic, ordinary) (Classical) IPA(key): /pleːˈbeː.i̯us/, [pɫ̪eːˈbeːi̯ʊs̠]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /pleˈbe.jus/, [pleˈbɛːjus]

Note: the long vowel /eː/ before the consonantal /i̯/ of the suffix is due to plēbēs being an ē-stem, differently from e.g. Pompeius.

Adjective

plēbēius (feminine plēbēia, neuter plēbēium); first/second-declension adjective

  1. plebeian
  2. common, vulgar

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative plēbēius plēbēia plēbēium plēbēiī plēbēiae plēbēia
Genitive plēbēiī plēbēiae plēbēiī plēbēiōrum plēbēiārum plēbēiōrum
Dative plēbēiō plēbēiō plēbēiīs
Accusative plēbēium plēbēiam plēbēium plēbēiōs plēbēiās plēbēia
Ablative plēbēiō plēbēiā plēbēiō plēbēiīs
Vocative plēbēie plēbēia plēbēium plēbēiī plēbēiae plēbēia

Noun

plēbēius m (genitive plēbēiī or plēbēī); second declension

  1. plebeian

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative plēbēius plēbēiī
Genitive plēbēiī
plēbēī1		 plēbēiōrum
Dative plēbēiō plēbēiīs
Accusative plēbēium plēbēiōs
Ablative plēbēiō plēbēiīs
Vocative plēbēie plēbēiī

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

References
  • “plēbēĭus (-ējus)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “plebeius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • plebeius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • plebeius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • one of the people: homo plebeius, de plebe
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