peruzi

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from English peruse.[1][2]

Verb

-peruzi (infinitive kuperuzi)

  1. to surf the Internet

Conjugation
Conjugation of -peruzi
Positive present -naperuzi
Subjunctive -peruzi
Negative -peruzi
Imperative singular peruzi
Infinitives
Positive kuperuzi
Negative kutoperuzi
Imperatives
Singular peruzi
Plural peruzini
Tensed forms
Habitual huperuzi
Positive past positive subject concord + -liperuzi
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuperuzi
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naperuzi)
Singular Plural
1st person ninaperuzi/naperuzi tunaperuzi
2nd person unaperuzi mnaperuzi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaperuzi wanaperuzi
other classes positive subject concord + -naperuzi
Negative present (negative subject concord + -peruzi)
Singular Plural
1st person siperuzi hatuperuzi
2nd person huperuzi hamperuzi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haperuzi hawaperuzi
other classes negative subject concord + -peruzi
Positive future positive subject concord + -taperuzi
Negative future negative subject concord + -taperuzi
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -peruzi)
Singular Plural
1st person niperuzi tuperuzi
2nd person uperuzi mperuzi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aperuzi waperuzi
other classes positive subject concord + -peruzi
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siperuzi
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeperuzi
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeperuzi
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliperuzi
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliperuzi
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aperuzi)
Singular Plural
1st person naperuzi twaperuzi
2nd person waperuzi mwaperuzi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aperuzi waperuzi
m-mi(III/IV) waperuzi yaperuzi
ji-ma(V/VI) laperuzi yaperuzi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaperuzi vyaperuzi
n(IX/X) yaperuzi zaperuzi
u(XI) waperuzi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwaperuzi
pa(XVI) paperuzi
mu(XVIII) mwaperuzi
Perfect positive subject concord + -meperuzi
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshaperuzi
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -japeruzi
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kiperuzi
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipoperuzi
Consecutive kaperuzi / positive subject concord + -kaperuzi
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaperuzi
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -niperuzi -tuperuzi
2nd person -kuperuzi -waperuzi/-kuperuzini/-waperuzini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mperuzi -waperuzi
m-mi(III/IV) -uperuzi -iperuzi
ji-ma(V/VI) -liperuzi -yaperuzi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiperuzi -viperuzi
n(IX/X) -iperuzi -ziperuzi
u(XI) -uperuzi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuperuzi
pa(XVI) -paperuzi
mu(XVIII) -muperuzi
Reflexive -jiperuzi
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -peruzi- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -peruziye -peruzio
m-mi(III/IV) -peruzio -peruziyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -peruzilo -peruziyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -peruzicho -peruzivyo
n(IX/X) -peruziyo -peruzizo
u(XI) -peruzio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -peruziko
pa(XVI) -peruzipo
mu(XVIII) -peruzimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -peruzi)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeperuzi -operuzi
m-mi(III/IV) -operuzi -yoperuzi
ji-ma(V/VI) -loperuzi -yoperuzi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choperuzi -vyoperuzi
n(IX/X) -yoperuzi -zoperuzi
u(XI) -operuzi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koperuzi
pa(XVI) -poperuzi
mu(XVIII) -moperuzi
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

References
  1. Blommaert, Jan (2014) State Ideology and Language in Tanzania, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, →ISBN, page 135: “As with the case of public service managerialism discussed in the previous section, a new lexicon of terms referring to mobile phone and Internet use has emerged very quickly, including terms such as intanet itself, kuperuzi (‘to surf the internet’, from the English ‘peruse’)”
  2. Petzell, Malin (2005) “Expanding the Swahili vocabulary”, in Africa & Asia‎, volume 5, archived from the original on 2009-11-29, page 88 of 85-107: “Semantic loans are where an extension of the meaning is borrowed, as in kuperuzi ‘surf’, which stems from English peruse.”
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