orbus

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”), from *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphaned”), Sanskrit अर्भ (árbha, “small”), Old Armenian որբ (orb, “orphan”). Compare Late Latin orphanus.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈor.bus/, [ˈɔrbʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈor.bus/, [ˈɔrbus]

orbus (feminine orba, neuter orbum); first/second-declension adjective

1. (with genitive or ab + ablative) bereaved, bereft, deprived (of) by death
   1. orphaned, parentless; fatherless
   2. childless
   3. widowed
2. (in general, with genitive, ablative or ab) deprived, destitute (of)

First/second-declension adjective.

• orba
• orbitās
• orbō
• Orbōna

• orbātiō
• orbātor

In all descendants the term acquired the meaning “blind”, from a construction such as *orbus ab oculīs (“deprived of eyes”).

• “orbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “orbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• orbus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• orbus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “orbus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin