oportet
Latin
Etymology
For *opvortet, from Proto-Indo-European *wortéyeti, causative stem (2nd conjugation) of the root of vertō (“to turn”) (3rd conjugation). Some refer the op- to ob-, some to opus, with which compare the similar expressions opus est and operam dare.
See also ligō, vinciō for other examples of words meaning to bind or turn, having derivatives with the sense of obliging.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /oˈpor.tet/, [ɔˈpɔrt̪ɛt̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /oˈpor.tet/, [oˈpɔrt̪et̪]
Verb
oportet (present infinitive oportēre, perfect active oportuit); second conjugation, impersonal, no passive, no supine stem
- (with accusative) to be necessary, proper, becoming; to behoove
- oportet nos patriam amare — it behooves us to love our country.
- non te oportebat illi argentum reddere — you ought not to have paid him the money.
- c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 48.2:
- Alteri vivas oportet, si vis tibi vivere.
- You must live for others if you wish to live for yourself.
- Alteri vivas oportet, si vis tibi vivere.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of oportet (second conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | — | oportet | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | oportēbat | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | oportēbit | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | oportuit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | oportuerat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | oportuerit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | — | oporteat | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | oportēret | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | oportuerit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | oportuisset | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| future | — | — | oportētō | — | — | — | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | oportēre | oportuisse | — | — | — | — | |
| participles | oportēns | — | — | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| oportendī | oportendō | oportendum | oportendō | — | — | ||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Ido: oportar
References
- “oportet”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “oportet”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- oportet in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Julius Pokorny, Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch, radical *epi
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