okres
See also: ôkres
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈokrɛs]
Declension
Derived terms
- okresní
Polish
Alternative forms
Etymology
Deverbal from okresić (modern określić).[1] The word originally meant only confine but gained aditional meanings by translating period from various languages.[2] First attested in 1564.[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɔ.krɛs/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈɔ.krɛs/, /ˈɔ.kres/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔkrɛs
- Syllabification: o‧kres
Noun
okres m inan
- period (a length of time)
- period (a length of time in history seen as a single coherent entity; an epoch, era)
- Synonym: epoka
- period (the length of time during which the same characteristics of a periodic phenomenon recur, such as the repetition of a wave or the rotation of a planet)
- period (each of the divisions into which a school day is split, allocated to a given subject or activity)
- (euphemistic) period (female menstruation; an episode of this)
- Synonyms: ciota, ciotka, menstruacja, miesiączka, period
- (rhetoric) period (a complete sentence, especially one expressing a single thought or making a balanced, rhythmic whole)
- (mathematics) period (the length of an interval over which a periodic function, periodic sequence or repeating decimal repeats; often the least such length)
- okres ułamka ― repetend
- (music) period (two phrases (an antecedent and a consequent phrase))
- (geology) period (a geochronologic unit of millions to tens of millions of years; a subdivision of an era, and subdivided into epochs)
Declension
Descendants
- → Masurian: ôkres (semantic loan)
Trivia
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), okres is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 146 times in scientific texts, 69 times in news, 109 times in essays, 14 times in fiction, and 8 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 346 times, making it the 145th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[4]
References
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “okres”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “okres”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “okres, okrys”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Ida Kurcz (1990) “okres”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 329
Further reading
- okres in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- okres in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “okres”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “okres”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “okres”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 750
Slovak
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɔkres]
Declension
Derived terms
- okresný
References
- “okres”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
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