obscurus
Latin
Etymology
A fossilised compound; from ob- + *scūrus (“dark”), from Proto-Italic *skoiros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“dark”). Compare Old Irish cíar (“dark”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /obˈskuː.rus/, [ɔpˈs̠kuːrʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /obˈsku.rus/, [obˈskuːrus]
Adjective
obscūrus (feminine obscūra, neuter obscūrum, comparative obscūrior, superlative obscūrissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- dark, dusky, shadowy
- indistinct, unintelligible, obscure
- intricate, involved, complicated
- unknown, unrecognized
- (of character) reserved, secret, close
- Synonyms: perobscūrus, clandestīnus, occultus, sēcrētus, arcānus
- Antonyms: manifestus, cōnspicuus
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | obscūrus | obscūra | obscūrum | obscūrī | obscūrae | obscūra | |
| Genitive | obscūrī | obscūrae | obscūrī | obscūrōrum | obscūrārum | obscūrōrum | |
| Dative | obscūrō | obscūrō | obscūrīs | ||||
| Accusative | obscūrum | obscūram | obscūrum | obscūrōs | obscūrās | obscūra | |
| Ablative | obscūrō | obscūrā | obscūrō | obscūrīs | |||
| Vocative | obscūre | obscūra | obscūrum | obscūrī | obscūrae | obscūra | |
Derived terms
- obscūrē
- obscūridicus
- obscūrēfaciō
- obscūriloquium
- obscūritās
- obscūrō
- obscūrum
Related terms
Descendants
- Aromanian: scur, scuru
- Catalan: obscur
- Czech: obskurní
- → German: obskur
- Dalmatian: sčor
- English: obscure
- French: obscur
- Galician: escuro
- → Hungarian: obskúrus
- Italian: oscuro, scuro
- Maltese: oskur, skur
- Occitan: escur
- Portuguese: escuro, → obscuro
- Romanian: obscur
- Romansch: stgir, stgeir, s-chür
- Sardinian: iscuru, scuru
- Sicilian: scuru
- Spanish: obscuro, oscuro, escuro
- → Swedish: obskyr
- Venetian: scuro, scur
References
- “obscurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “obscurus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- obscurus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- of humble, obscure origin: humilibus (obscuris) parentibus natus
- this passage is obscure: hic (ille) locus obscurus est
- (ambiguous) of humble, obscure origin: humili, obscuro loco natus
- of humble, obscure origin: humilibus (obscuris) parentibus natus
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “obscūrus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 422-3
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