nīnu

Akkadian

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *niḥnu (we). Cognate with Arabic نَحْنُ (naḥnu) and Biblical Hebrew אֲנַחְנוּ (ʾănáḥnu).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

nīnu (from Old Assyrian/Old Babylonian on)

  1. we (first-person plural personal pronoun, nominative case)
    𒀭𒉌𒆠𒀀𒄠 𒉌𒉡 [annikīam nīnu] ― an-ni-ki-a-am ni-nu ― We are here.
    𒉌𒄿𒉡 𒇻 𒅖𒋼𒂗 [nīnu lū ištēn] ― ni-i-nu lu iš-te-en ― We are one.

Alternative forms
Cuneiform spellings
Phonetic
  • 𒉌𒄿𒉡 (ni-i-nu)
  • 𒉌𒉡 (ni-nu)
  • 𒉌𒉡𒌑 (ni-nu-u₂)
  • 𒉌𒂊𒉡 (ni-e-nu)

See also
Akkadian personal pronouns¹
Independent forms Pronominal Suffixes
Nominative Oblique² Dative Predicative³ Possessive⁴ Accusative⁵ Dative⁵
Singular 1st anāku yâti yâšim, ayyâšim -āku -ī, -ya -anni, -nni, -ninni -am, -m, -nim
2nd m atta kâta kâšim, kâšum -āta -ka -ka -kum
f atti kâti kâšim -āti -ki -ki -kim
3rd m šū šuāti, šuātu, šâti šuāšim, šâšim - -šu -šu -šum
f šī šuāti, šâti šuāšim, šâšim -at -ša -ši -šim
Plural 1st nīnu niāti niāšim -ānu -ni -niāti -niāšim
2nd m attunu kunūti kunūšim -ātina -kunu -kunūti -kunūšim
f attina kināti⁶ kināšim⁶ -ātunu -kina -kināti -kināšim
3rd m šunu šunūti šunūšim -ā -šunu -šunūti -šunūšim
f šina šināti šināšim⁶ -ū -šina -šināti -šināšim
1. This table gives Old Babylonian inflection.
2. Used to express the Accusative and Genitive case.
3. Used exclusively on adjectives to form the predicative construction.
4. Used on nouns and prepositions.
5. Used on verbs. Always follows the Ventive.
6. Still unattested form.

References
  • “nīnu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
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