kymmenen
Finnish
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| ← 1 | ← 9 | 10 | 11 → | 20 → |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ||||
| Cardinal: kymmenen Colloquial counting form: kymppi, kybä Ordinal: kymmenes Ordinal abbreviation: 10., 10:s Adverbial: kymmenesti Multiplier: kymmenkertainen Fractional: kymmenesosa, kymmenennes | ||||
| Finnish Wikipedia article on 10 | ||||
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kümmen, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *küme-ne. Compare Erzya кемень (kemeń).[1]
The original nominative singular form (kymmen) was replaced by the genitive singular form under the influence of kahdeksan and yhdeksän for which the nominative and genitive singular forms are also identical.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkymːenen/, [ˈk̟ymːe̞ne̞n]
- Rhymes: -ymːenen
- Syllabification(key): kym‧me‧nen
Usage notes
- See Appendix:Finnish numbers.
Declension
The inflected forms of the word kymmen (“ten”) are used in all cases, except the nominative singular.
| Inflection of kymmenen (Kotus type 32/sisar, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kymmenen | kymmenet | |
| genitive | kymmenen | kymmenien kymmenten | |
| partitive | kymmentä | kymmeniä | |
| illative | kymmeneen | kymmeniin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kymmenen | kymmenet | |
| accusative | nom. | kymmenen | kymmenet |
| gen. | kymmenen | ||
| genitive | kymmenen | kymmenien kymmenten | |
| partitive | kymmentä | kymmeniä | |
| inessive | kymmenessä | kymmenissä | |
| elative | kymmenestä | kymmenistä | |
| illative | kymmeneen | kymmeniin | |
| adessive | kymmenellä | kymmenillä | |
| ablative | kymmeneltä | kymmeniltä | |
| allative | kymmenelle | kymmenille | |
| essive | kymmenenä | kymmeninä | |
| translative | kymmeneksi | kymmeniksi | |
| abessive | kymmenettä | kymmenittä | |
| instructive | — | — | |
| comitative | — | kymmenine | |
Derived terms
compounds
References
- Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Further reading
- “kymmenen”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Karelian
| < 9 | 10 | 11 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : kymmenen Ordinal : kymmenes Fractional : kymmenennes | ||
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkymːenen/
References
- P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, page 51
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