kmm

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /kaˈmam/ → /kaˈmam/ → /kəˈmam/ → /kəˈmam/

Verb
kmm

 2ae gem.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) black

Inflection
Conjugation of kmm (second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: km, geminated stem: kmm
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
kmm8
 kmm
 kmmt
 kmm, km
 kmm, km
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
kmm, km
 ḥr kmm
 m kmm
 r kmm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect kmm.n, km.n
 consecutive km.jn
terminative kmmt
perfective3 km
 obligative1 kmm.ḫr
imperfective kmm
prospective3 kmm
 potentialis1 km.kꜣ
subjunctive km
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect km.n
 — —
perfective km
 km
 km, kmw5, kmy5
imperfective kmm, kmmy, kmmw5
 kmm, kmmj6, kmmy6
 kmm, kmmw5
prospective km, kmtj7
 kmmtj4, kmmt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. km before suffix pronouns.

This verb is almost exclusively used in its non-geminated forms; that it is a second-geminate verb kmm rather than a biliteral km is deduced from its Coptic descendants.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of kmm  
km
km
M
km
Y1
kmmD3
km km km km
[since the Amarna Period] [since the 18th Dynasty] [since the 18th Dynasty]

These writings all represent non-geminated forms; see the note under ‘Inflection’ above.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲙⲟⲙ (khmom)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲕⲙⲁⲙ (kmam)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲙⲟⲙ (kmom)

References
  1. Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 88
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