inciser
French
Etymology
From Middle French inciser, from Old French enciser, from Vulgar Latin *incīsāre,[1] frequentative of incidō, incidēre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ̃.si.ze/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of inciser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | inciser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | incisant /ɛ̃.si.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | incisé /ɛ̃.si.ze/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | incise /ɛ̃.siz/ |
incises /ɛ̃.siz/ |
incise /ɛ̃.siz/ |
incisons /ɛ̃.si.zɔ̃/ |
incisez /ɛ̃.si.ze/ |
incisent /ɛ̃.siz/ |
| imperfect | incisais /ɛ̃.si.zɛ/ |
incisais /ɛ̃.si.zɛ/ |
incisait /ɛ̃.si.zɛ/ |
incisions /ɛ̃.si.zjɔ̃/ |
incisiez /ɛ̃.si.zje/ |
incisaient /ɛ̃.si.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | incisai /ɛ̃.si.ze/ |
incisas /ɛ̃.si.za/ |
incisa /ɛ̃.si.za/ |
incisâmes /ɛ̃.si.zam/ |
incisâtes /ɛ̃.si.zat/ |
incisèrent /ɛ̃.si.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | inciserai /ɛ̃.siz.ʁe/ |
inciseras /ɛ̃.siz.ʁa/ |
incisera /ɛ̃.siz.ʁa/ |
inciserons /ɛ̃.siz.ʁɔ̃/ |
inciserez /ɛ̃.siz.ʁe/ |
inciseront /ɛ̃.siz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | inciserais /ɛ̃.siz.ʁɛ/ |
inciserais /ɛ̃.siz.ʁɛ/ |
inciserait /ɛ̃.siz.ʁɛ/ |
inciserions /ɛ̃.si.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
inciseriez /ɛ̃.si.zə.ʁje/ |
inciseraient /ɛ̃.siz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | incise /ɛ̃.siz/ |
incises /ɛ̃.siz/ |
incise /ɛ̃.siz/ |
incisions /ɛ̃.si.zjɔ̃/ |
incisiez /ɛ̃.si.zje/ |
incisent /ɛ̃.siz/ |
| imperfect2 | incisasse /ɛ̃.si.zas/ |
incisasses /ɛ̃.si.zas/ |
incisât /ɛ̃.si.za/ |
incisassions /ɛ̃.si.za.sjɔ̃/ |
incisassiez /ɛ̃.si.za.sje/ |
incisassent /ɛ̃.si.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | incise /ɛ̃.siz/ |
— | incisons /ɛ̃.si.zɔ̃/ |
incisez /ɛ̃.si.ze/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “ĭncīsus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 4: G H I, page 625f.
Further reading
- “inciser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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