humilier

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin humiliāre.

Pronunciation
  • (mute h) IPA(key): /y.mi.lje/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

humilier

  1. to humiliate

Conjugation
Conjugation of humilier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple humilier
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple humiliant
/y.mi.ljɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle humilié
/y.mi.lje/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present humilie
/y.mi.li/		 humilies
/y.mi.li/		 humilie
/y.mi.li/		 humilions
/y.mi.ljɔ̃/		 humiliez
/y.mi.lje/		 humilient
/y.mi.li/
imperfect humiliais
/y.mi.ljɛ/		 humiliais
/y.mi.ljɛ/		 humiliait
/y.mi.ljɛ/		 humiliions
/y.mi.li.jɔ̃/		 humiliiez
/y.mi.li.je/		 humiliaient
/y.mi.ljɛ/
past historic2 humiliai
/y.mi.lje/		 humilias
/y.mi.lja/		 humilia
/y.mi.lja/		 humiliâmes
/y.mi.ljam/		 humiliâtes
/y.mi.ljat/		 humilièrent
/y.mi.ljɛʁ/
future humilierai
/y.mi.li.ʁe/		 humilieras
/y.mi.li.ʁa/		 humiliera
/y.mi.li.ʁa/		 humilierons
/y.mi.li.ʁɔ̃/		 humilierez
/y.mi.li.ʁe/		 humilieront
/y.mi.li.ʁɔ̃/
conditional humilierais
/y.mi.li.ʁɛ/		 humilierais
/y.mi.li.ʁɛ/		 humilierait
/y.mi.li.ʁɛ/		 humilierions
/y.mi.li.ʁjɔ̃/		 humilieriez
/y.mi.li.ʁje/		 humilieraient
/y.mi.li.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present humilie
/y.mi.li/		 humilies
/y.mi.li/		 humilie
/y.mi.li/		 humiliions
/y.mi.li.jɔ̃/		 humiliiez
/y.mi.li.je/		 humilient
/y.mi.li/
imperfect2 humiliasse
/y.mi.ljas/		 humiliasses
/y.mi.ljas/		 humiliât
/y.mi.lja/		 humiliassions
/y.mi.lja.sjɔ̃/		 humiliassiez
/y.mi.lja.sje/		 humiliassent
/y.mi.ljas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — humilie
/y.mi.li/		 — humilions
/y.mi.ljɔ̃/		 humiliez
/y.mi.lje/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

Latin

Pronunciation

Verb

humilier

  1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of humiliō

Middle French

Etymology

Old French, from Latin humiliō.

Verb

humilier

  1. (reflexive, s'humilier) to prostrate oneself; to bow
    • 15th century (date of publication), Rustichello da Pisa (original author), Mazarine Master (scribe), The Travels of Marco Polo, page 10, line 4:
      Il s'agenouillerent devant lui et se humilierent
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation
  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of humilier
infinitive simple humilier
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple humiliant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle humilié
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present humilie humilies humilie humilions humiliez humilient
imperfect humiliois, humilioys humiliois, humilioys humilioit, humilioyt humiliions, humiliyons humiliiez, humiliyez humilioient, humilioyent
past historic humilia humilias humilia humiliasmes humiliastes humilierent
future humilierai, humilieray humilieras humiliera humilierons humilierez humilieront
conditional humilierois, humilieroys humilierois, humilieroys humilieroit, humilieroyt humilierions, humilieryons humilieriez, humilieryez humilieroient, humilieroyent
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present humilie humilies humilie humilions humiliez humilient
imperfect humiliasse humiliasses humiliast humiliassions humiliassiez humiliassent
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — humilie — humilions humiliez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).
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