hryggr

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz. Cognate with Old English hryċġ (English ridge), Old High German rucki.

Noun

hryggr m (genitive hryggjar, plural hryggir)

  1. (anatomy) backbone, spine
  2. (landform) a ridge
Declension
  Declension of hryggr (strong i-stem, ar-genitive)
masculine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative hryggr hryggrinn hryggir hryggirnir
accusative hrygg hrygginn hryggi hryggina
dative hrygg hrygginum hryggjum hryggjunum
genitive hryggjar hryggjarins hryggja hryggjanna
Descendants
  • Icelandic: hryggur
  • Faroese: ryggur
  • Norn: rygg
  • Norwegian: rygg
  • Jamtish: rygg
  • Elfdalian: rygg
  • Old Swedish: rygger
  • Old Danish: ryg
  • Gutnish: rygg

References
  • “hryggr1”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Etymology 2

Compare with hryggva, hryggja.

Adjective

hryggr (comparative hryggvari, superlative hryggvastr)

  1. afflicted, grieved, sad
Declension
    Strong declension of hryggr
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggr hrygg hryggt
accusative hryggvan hryggva hryggt
dative hryggum hryggri hryggu
genitive hryggs hryggrar hryggs
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggvir hryggvar hrygg
accusative hryggva hryggvar hrygg
dative hryggum hryggum hryggum
genitive hryggra hryggra hryggra
    Weak declension of hryggr
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggvi hryggva hryggva
accusative hryggva hryggu hryggva
dative hryggva hryggu hryggva
genitive hryggva hryggu hryggva
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggu hryggu hryggu
accusative hryggu hryggu hryggu
dative hryggum hryggum hryggum
genitive hryggu hryggu hryggu
    Declension of comparative of hryggr
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari hryggra, hryggvara
accusative hryggra, hryggvara hryggri, hryggvari hryggra, hryggvara
dative hryggra, hryggvara hryggri, hryggvari hryggra, hryggvara
genitive hryggra, hryggvara hryggri, hryggvari hryggra, hryggvara
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari
accusative hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari
dative hryggrum, hryggvarum hryggrum, hryggvarum hryggrum, hryggvarum
genitive hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari hryggri, hryggvari
    Strong declension of superlative of hryggr
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggvastr hryggust hryggvast
accusative hryggvastan hryggvasta hryggvast
dative hryggustum hryggvastri hryggustu
genitive hryggvasts hryggvastrar hryggvasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggvastir hryggvastar hryggust
accusative hryggvasta hryggvastar hryggust
dative hryggustum hryggustum hryggustum
genitive hryggvastra hryggvastra hryggvastra
    Weak declension of superlative of hryggr
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggvasti hryggvasta hryggvasta
accusative hryggvasta hryggustu hryggvasta
dative hryggvasta hryggustu hryggvasta
genitive hryggvasta hryggustu hryggvasta
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu
accusative hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu
dative hryggustum hryggustum hryggustum
genitive hryggustu hryggustu hryggustu
Descendants

References
  • “hryggr2”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • hryggr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
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