gafael

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh gauael, from Old Welsh ad-gabael, from Proto-Brythonic *gavaɣl, from Proto-Celtic *gabaglā (compare Cornish gavel, Old Breton gabael, Old Irish gabál), verbal noun of *gabyeti (“to take, hold”) (compare Old Irish gaibid), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰh₁bʰ- (compare Latin habeō, German geben).

Pronunciation
  • (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈɡavaɨ̯l/
    • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈɡavɛl/, /ˈɡaval/
  • (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /ˈɡaːvai̯l/, /ˈɡavai̯l/
    • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈɡaːvɛl/, /ˈɡavɛl/

Verb

gafael (first-person singular present gafaelaf)

  1. to hold
  2. to grasp, grip

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future gafaelaf gafaeli gafael, gafaela gafaelwn gafaelwch gafaelant gafaelir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional		 gafaelwn gafaelit gafaelai gafaelem gafaelech gafaelent gafaelid
preterite gafaelais gafaelaist gafaelodd gafaelasom gafaelasoch gafaelasant gafaelwyd
pluperfect gafaelaswn gafaelasit gafaelasai gafaelasem gafaelasech gafaelasent gafaelasid, gafaelesid
present subjunctive gafaelwyf gafaelych gafaelo gafaelom gafaeloch gafaelont gafaeler
imperative — gafael gafaeled gafaelwn gafaelwch gafaelent gafaeler
verbal noun gafael
verbal adjectives gafaeledig
gafaeladwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future gafaela i, gafaelaf i gafaeli di gafaelith o/e/hi, gafaeliff e/hi gafaelwn ni gafaelwch chi gafaelan nhw
conditional gafaelwn i, gafaelswn i gafaelet ti, gafaelset ti gafaelai fo/fe/hi, gafaelsai fo/fe/hi gafaelen ni, gafaelsen ni gafaelech chi, gafaelsech chi gafaelen nhw, gafaelsen nhw
preterite gafaelais i, gafaeles i gafaelaist ti, gafaelest ti gafaelodd o/e/hi gafaelon ni gafaeloch chi gafaelon nhw
imperative — gafaela — — gafaelwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
gafael afael ngafael unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gafael”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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