fogaib
Old Irish
Etymology
A suppletive verb. Noticeably, its root word gaibid does not contain this suppletion.
- Most of the forms are from fo- + gaibid.
- The preterite forms (·fúair, ·frith etc.) are derived from Proto-Celtic *wourū, with the preterite non-passive forms from the reformed reduplicated preterite *woure and the preterite passive from the past participle *wrītos. These forms are cognate with Ancient Greek εὑρίσκω (heurískō, “to find, discover”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [foˈɡavʲ]
Verb
fo·gaib (prototonic ·fagaib, verbal noun fagbál)
Usage notes
fo·gaib is an inherently telic verb and cannot be augmented with ro- (or similar). Unaugmented forms are used in contexts typically requiring augmentation.[2]
Inflection
Complex, class B II present, reduplicated preterite, é future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | fo·gaib; fo·geib | |||||||
| Prot. | ·fogbai | ·fagaib | ·fagbat | ||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | fo·fuair | fo·fuaratar | fo·frith | |||||
| Prot. | ·fuar | ·fuair | ·fritha | ||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·fugéb | ·fuigbe | ·fuigebthar | ||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | fagbál | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| fo·gaib | fo·gaib pronounced with /-ɣ(ʲ)-/ |
fo·ngaib |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wer-V-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 414
- McCone, Kim (1997) The Early Irish Verb (Maynooth Monographs 1), 2nd edition, Maynooth: An Sagart, →ISBN, page 146
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “fo-gaib”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, pages 528–529
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