endurer

English

Etymology

endure +‎ -er

Noun

endurer (plural endurers)

  1. One who, or that which, endures or lasts.

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French endurer, andurer, from Latin indūrāre. According to the TLFi, it was a borrowing (semi-learned), however it was attested as early as 1050. Doublet of indurer, a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Verb

endurer

  1. (transitive) to endure, to bear
    Near-synonyms: supporter, souffrir

Conjugation
Conjugation of endurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple endurer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple endurant
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle enduré
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present endure
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 endures
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 endure
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 endurons
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/		 endurez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/		 endurent
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/
imperfect endurais
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/		 endurais
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/		 endurait
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/		 endurions
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/		 enduriez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁje/		 enduraient
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/
past historic2 endurai
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/		 enduras
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁa/		 endura
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁa/		 endurâmes
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁam/		 endurâtes
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁat/		 endurèrent
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛʁ/
future endurerai
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/		 endureras
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/		 endurera
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/		 endurerons
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/		 endurerez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/		 endureront
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
conditional endurerais
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/		 endurerais
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/		 endurerait
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/		 endurerions
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/		 endureriez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁje/		 endureraient
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present endure
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 endures
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 endure
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 endurions
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/		 enduriez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁje/		 endurent
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/
imperfect2 endurasse
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁas/		 endurasses
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁas/		 endurât
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁa/		 endurassions
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/		 endurassiez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁa.sje/		 endurassent
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — endure
/ɑ̃.dyʁ/		 — endurons
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/		 endurez
/ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin indūrāre, present active infinitive of indūrō.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /endyˈɾeːɾ/

Verb

endurer

  1. to suffer; to endure; to undergo
    • c. 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, page 90, lines 789–90:
      U li haïr u li amer
      m'irt forte paine a endurer
      Whether I hate her or I love her
      there will be great pain for me to endure.

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of endurer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive endurer avoir enduré
gerund en endurant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle endurant
past participle enduré
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present endur endures endure endurons endurez endurent
imperfect enduroie, endureie, enduroe, endureve enduroies, endureies, enduroes, endureves enduroit, endureit, endurot, endureve enduriiens, enduriens enduriiez, enduriez enduroient, endureient, enduroent, endurevent
preterite endurai enduras endura endurames endurastes endurerent
future endurerai endureras endurera endurerons endureroiz, endurereiz, endurerez endureront
conditional endureroie, endurereie endureroies, endurereies endureroit, endurereit endureriiens, endureriens endureriiez, endureriez endureroient, endurereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present endur endurs endurt endurons endurez endurent
imperfect endurasse endurasses endurast endurissons, endurissiens endurissoiz, endurissez, endurissiez endurassent
compound
tenses		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— endure — endurons endurez —

Descendants
  • → English: endure
  • French: endurer
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