duch

See also: Duch and dúch

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdux]
  • Rhymes: -ux
  • Homophone: duh

Noun

duch m inan (related adjective duchovní)

  1. spirit

Declension
Declension of duch (velar masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative duch duchy
genitive ducha duchů
dative duchu duchům
accusative duch duchy
vocative duchu duchy
locative duchu duších, duchách
instrumental duchem duchy

Noun

duch m anim

  1. ghost (disembodied soul)

Declension
Declension of duch (velar masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative duch duchové
genitive ducha duchů
dative duchovi, duchu duchům
accusative ducha duchy
vocative duchu duchové
locative duchovi, duchu duších, duchách
instrumental duchem duchy

Derived terms

Further reading
  • duch in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • duch in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • duch in Internetová jazyková příručka

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dux/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈdux/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ux
  • Syllabification: duch

Noun

duch m animal (diminutive duszek)

  1. ghost (spirit appearing after death)
    Wierzysz w duchy? ― Do you believe in ghosts?
  2. spirit
  3. spirit, enthusiasm for something

Declension
Declension of duch
singular plural
nominative duch duchy
genitive ducha duchów
dative duchowi duchom
accusative ducha duchy
instrumental duchem duchami
locative duchu duchach
vocative duchu duchy

Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
verbs
  • uduchowić pf, uduchowiać impf
  • uduchownić pf, uduchowniać impf
adjective
nouns
verbs

Further reading
  • duch in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • duch in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “duch”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “duch”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.