déan

See also: dean, Dean, deán, and dèan

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish ·dénai, prototonic form of do·gní.

The past indicative independent form rinne, formerly do-rinne, is from Old Irish do·rigni, deuterotonic form of the perfect tense of do·gní.

The past indicative dependent form dearna is from Old Irish *·dernai (compare ·dernus (1st sg.), ·dernais (2nd sg.), ·dernad (passive)), prototonic form of the perfect tense of do·gní.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • (Munster) IPA(key): /dʲia̯n̪ˠ/
  • (Aran) IPA(key): /dʲiːn/, /dʲeːn/[1]
  • (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /dʲiːnˠ/, /dʲɪnˠ/; /dʲiːn̪ˠ/, /dʲɪn̪ˠ/
  • (Doohoma, Mayo) IPA(key): /dʲiːnˠ/[2] (as if spelled díon)
  • (Achill, Mayo) IPA(key): /dʲa(ː)nˠ/[3] (as if spelled deán)
  • (Ulster) IPA(key): /dʲaːnˠ/, /dʲaːn̪ˠ/

Verb

déan (present analytic déanann, future analytic déanfaidh, verbal noun déanamh, past participle déanta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) do
  2. (transitive) make
Conjugation
conjugation of déan (irregular)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present déanaim déanann tú; déanair† déanann sé, sí déanaimid;
déanann muid		 déanann sibh déanann siad;
déanaid†		 a dhéanann; a dhéanas /
a ndéanann*; a ndéanas*		 déantar
past independent rinne mé;
rinneas		 rinne tú;
rinnis		 rinne sé, sí rinneamar;
rinne muid		 rinne sibh;
rinneabhair		 rinne siad;
rinneadar		 a rinne rinneadh
past dependent dearna mé;
dearnas;
tearn(a) mé†		 dearna tú;
dearnais;
tearn(a) tú†		 dearna sé, sí;
tearn(a) sé, sí†		 dearnamar;
dearna muid:
tearn(a) muid†		 dearna sibh;
dearnabhair:
tearn(a) sibh†		 dearna siad;
dearnadar:
tearn(a) siad†		 a ndearna*:
a dtearn(a)*†		 dearnadh:
tearnadh†
past habitual dhéanainn / ndéanainn‡‡ dhéantá / ndéantᇇ dhéanadh sé, sí / ndéanadh sé, s퇇 dhéanaimis;
dhéanadh muid / ndéanaimis‡‡; ndéanadh muid‡‡		 dhéanadh sibh / ndéanadh sibh‡‡ dhéanaidís;
dhéanadh siad / ndéanaidís‡‡; ndéanadh siad‡‡		 a dhéanadh /
a ndéanadh*		 dhéantaí; ndéanta퇇
future déanfaidh mé;
déanfad		 déanfaidh tú;
déanfair†		 déanfaidh sé, sí déanfaimid;
déanfaidh muid		 déanfaidh sibh déanfaidh siad;
déanfaid†		 a dhéanfaidh; a dhéanfas /
a ndéanfaidh*; a ndéanfas*		 déanfar
conditional dhéanfainn / ndéanfainn‡‡ dhéanfá / ndéanfᇇ dhéanfadh sé, sí / ndéanfadh sé, s퇇 dhéanfaimis;
dhéanfadh muid / ndéanfaimis‡‡; ndéanfadh muid‡‡		 dhéanfadh sibh / ndéanfadh sibh‡‡ dhéanfaidís;
dhéanfadh siad / ndéanfaidís‡‡; ndéanfadh sibh‡‡		 a dhéanfadh /
a ndéanfadh*		 dhéanfaí / ndéanfa퇇
subjunctive present go ndéana mé;
go ndéanad†		 go ndéana tú;
go ndéanair†		 go ndéana sé, sí go ndéanaimid;
go ndéana muid		 go ndéana sibh go ndéana siad;
go ndéanaid†		 — go ndéantar
past dá ndéanainn dá ndéantá dá ndéanadh sé, sí dá ndéanaimis;
dá ndéanadh muid		 dá ndéanadh sibh dá ndéanaidís;
dá ndéanadh siad		 — dá ndéantaí
imperative déanaim déan déanadh sé, sí déanaimis déanaigí;
déanaidh†		 déanaidís — déantar
verbal noun déanamh
past participle déanta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

the forms rinne and dearna lose their final vowel in Ulster, becoming rinn and dearn;

for Munster forms, see dein;

in Ulster, the dependent forms of all tenses begin (or are at least pronounced as if they begin) with th- /h/ under lenition and with dt- /dʲ/ or nd- /n̠ʲ/ under eclipsis; since dependent forms are always either lenited or eclipsed, forms with unmuated t- do not occur; independent forms have d /dʲ/ as in the standard language;

in older literary language, Aran, and Ulster, the present indicative and past habitual have independent forms built on the stem ghní- (also spelled ní-); the déan- forms listed above are only dependent:

singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present independent (gh)ním (gh)ní tú;
(gh)níonn tú;
(gh)nír		 (gh)ní sé, sí;
(gh)níonn sé, sí		 (gh)nímid;
(gh)ní muid;
(gh)níonn muid		 (gh)ní sibh;
(gh)níonn sibh		 (gh)ní siad;
(gh)níonn siad;
(gh)níd		 a (gh)ní;
a (gh)níonn;
a (gh)níos		 (gh)níthear
past habitual independent (gh)nínn (gh)nítheá (gh)níodh sé, sí (gh)nímis;
(gh)níodh muid		 (gh)níodh sibh (gh)nídís;
(gh)níodh siad		 a (gh)níodh (gh)nítí
Derived terms

References
  1. Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 84
  2. Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, pages 155–156: “a sháith lé déanamh ə ha: l′e: d′i:nu:”
  3. Stockman, Gerard (1974) The Irish of Achill, Co. Mayo (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; 2), Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast, pages 4, 15, 45

Further reading

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English dean.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dʲeːnˠ/

Noun

déan m (genitive singular déin, nominative plural déin)

  1. dean
Declension
Declension of déan

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative déan déin
Vocative a dhéin a dhéana
Genitive déin déan
Dative déan déin

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an déan na déin
Genitive an déin na ndéan
Dative leis an déan

don déan

 leis na déin
Derived terms

Further reading

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
déan dhéan ndéan
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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