cúl

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cul"

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cúl, cognate with Latin cūlus.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kuːl̪ˠ/, /kuːlˠ/

Noun

cúl m (genitive singular cúil, nominative plural cúil)

  1. behind
  2. back
  3. (sports) goal
    Synonym: báire
    1. (score gained)
    2. (target area)
      Synonym: góraí
  4. tail

Declension

  • Alternative plural: cúla (used in certain phrases)

Derived terms

Verb

cúl (present analytic cúlann, future analytic cúlfaidh, verbal noun cúladh, past participle cúlta)

  1. Alternative form of cúlaigh

Conjugation

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cúl chúl gcúl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cúl”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cúl”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “cúl” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “cúl” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kūlos, from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-l-, from *(s)kewH- (to cover). Cognate with Welsh cil and Latin cūlus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kuːl/

Noun

cúl m (genitive cúil, nominative plural cúil)

  1. back
  2. rear

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative cúl cúlL cúilL
Vocative cúil cúlL cúluH
Accusative cúlN cúlL cúluH
Genitive cúilL cúl cúlN
Dative cúlL cúlaib cúlaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

  • íarcúl

Descendants

  • Irish: cúl
  • Manx: cooyl
  • Scottish Gaelic: cùl

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
cúl chúl cúl
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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