burg
English
Pronunciation
Audio (AU) (file)
Etymology 1
The historical sense is from Late Latin burgus, from Frankish *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“borough, fortification”). Doublet of borough, Brough, burgh, burh, and bury. Also compare burgess.
The modern sense may have been formed in part by analogy with the many North American city names that are suffixed with -burg (a number of which in the Eastern United States once used -burgh instead. See burgh), as well as being formed in part due to German Burg.
Noun
burg (plural burgs)
- (Canada, US) A city or town.
- 1921, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Efficiency Expert, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2012:
- Tell mother that I will write her in a day or two, probably from Chicago, as I have always had an idea that that was one burg where I could make good.
- 2009 June, David Thriault, “This Way In: The Sound and the Fury”, in Esquire, volume 151, number 6, page 6:
- Imagine my surprise when I learned that he was not only a Canadian but lived in Ottawa, that icy burg I had left so many kilometers -- sorry, miles -- behind me.
- 2010 Feb, Paige Orloff, “Big Style on a (Little) Budget”, in Country Living, volume 33, number 2, page 84:
- It's been said that Wilder modeled that fictional setting on Peterborough, a quaint burg tucked away in New Hampshire's verdant southwestern hills.
- (historical) A fortified town in medieval Europe.
Related terms
Translations
Noun
burg (plural burgs)
- (slang) burger
- 2002, Ricard Marx Weinraub, Wonder Bread Hill, page 6:
- I hate this emptiness and the redundancy of eating burgs at Burger Town.
Anagrams
Albanian
Etymology
Possibly borrowed from Late Latin burgus (“fortress, watchtower”),[1] perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *burgz (“fortress”),[2] or possibly borrowed from Ancient Greek πύργος (púrgos, “watchtower, fortress”),[3] although this is difficult given the initial b- in Albanian.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [buɹɡ]
Noun
burg m (plural burgje, definite burgu, definite plural burgjet)
Declension
References
- Miklosich, Franz (1871) Albanische Forschungen II. Die romanischen Elemente im Albanischen (in German), Vienna: Karl Gerold’s Sohn
- Orel, Vladimir (1997) “New Albanian Etymologies”, in Indo-European, Nostratic & Beyond: Festschrift for Vitalij V. Shevoroshkin (Journal of Indo-European Studies Monograph), Washington: Institute for the Study of Man, →ISBN, page 258
- Camarda, Demetrio (1864) Saggio di grammatologia comparata sulla lingua albanese (in Italian), volume II, Livorno: Successore di Egisto Vignozzi, page 145
Further reading
- Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “burg”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 42
- Bardhi, F. (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 10: “carcer — burgh”
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Late Latin burgus, from Frankish *burg (“fortress”).
Noun
burg m (plural burgs)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “burg” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bʏrx/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: burg
- Rhymes: -ʏrx
Irish
Noun
burg m (genitive singular buirg, nominative plural buirg)
- Alternative form of buirg (“borough”)
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
burg | bhurg | mburg |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “burg”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “burg” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “burg” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Old Dutch
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *burg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz.
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Further reading
- “burg”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *burgz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /burɡ/, [burˠɣ]
Noun
burg f (nominative plural byrġ)
- city or town
- c. 897, King Alfred's translation of Pope Gregory's Pastoral Care
- Wyrċaþ fæsten ymb þā burg.
- Build a fortress around the city.
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
- Þæt Ēstland is swīðe miċel, and þǣr biþ swīðe manega byrġ, and on ǣlcre byrġ biþ cyning.
- Estonia is very large. There are a whole lot of towns, and every town has a king.
- late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of St. Augustine's Soliloquies
- Nāt iċ nā þȳ hwā Rōme burg timbrede þe iċ hit self ġesāwe, ac for þȳ þe hit man mē sæġde.
- I don't know who built the city of Rome because I saw it myself, but because somebody told me.
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Assumption of the Blessed Mary"
- Sē Godes wiðersaca hine þā ġehāthierte and cwæþ, "Þā iċ fram fierde ġeċierre, iċ tōweorpe þās burg, and hīe ġesmēðe, and tō ierþlande āwende, swā þæt hēo biþ cornbǣru swīðor þonne manbǣru."
- The adversary of God became furious and said, "When I return from the campaign, I will destroy this city, and level it, and turn it into farmland, so it is full of grain instead of people."
- c. 897, King Alfred's translation of Pope Gregory's Pastoral Care
- fortified place: fortress, castle
- c. 897, King Alfred's translation of Pope Gregory's Pastoral Care
- Sēo burg þæs mōdes sċeal swīðe oft ġefrēdan hire fēonda speru.
- The fortress of the mind must very often feel the spears of its enemies.
- Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Manuscript A, year 921
- Þā fōr Ēadweard cyning mid Westseaxna fierde tō Colneċeastre and ġebētte þā burg and ġeednīewode þǣr hēo ǣr tōbrocen wæs.
- Then King Edward traveled to Colchester with the West Saxon army and repaired the fortress, and rebuilt it where it had been destroyed.
- c. 897, King Alfred's translation of Pope Gregory's Pastoral Care
Declension
Derived terms
- Cantwara burg (“Canterbury”)
- hēafodburg (“capital city”)
- Rōme burg (“city of Rome”)
- underburg (“suburb”)
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *burg, Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“fortified elevation”).
Declension
References
- Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *burg, Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“fortified elevation”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /burɣ/
Noun
burg f