borzong

Hungarian

Etymology

From an onomatopoeic stem + -ong (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈborzoŋɡ]
  • Hyphenation: bor‧zong
  • Rhymes: -oŋɡ

Verb

borzong

  1. (intransitive) to shiver (with cold/fear/fever: -tól/-től)
    Synonyms: remeg, didereg, reszket, vacog, rázza a hideg, a hideg leli, vacog a foga
    Borzongott a hidegtől. ― S/he was shivering with cold.
  2. (intransitive) to abhor, to shudder (with fear or horror: -tól/-től)
    Synonyms: irtózik, iszonyodik, borzad, viszolyog

Conjugation
conjugation of borzong
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal		 3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		 1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal		 3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzongok borzongasz borzong borzongunk borzongotok or
borzongtok		 borzonganak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. borzongtam borzongtál borzongott borzongtunk borzongtatok borzongtak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. borzongani fog.
Archaic
Preterit		 Indef. borzongék borzongál borzonga borzongánk borzongátok borzongának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. borzong vala, borzongott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future		 Indef. borzongandok borzongandasz borzongand borzongandunk borzongandotok borzongandanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonganék borzonganál borzongana borzonganánk borzonganátok borzonganának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. borzongott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzongjak borzongj or
borzongjál		 borzongjon borzongjunk borzongjatok borzongjanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. borzongott légyen
Infinitive borzongani borzonganom borzonganod borzongania borzonganunk borzonganotok borzonganiuk
Other
forms		 Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
borzongás borzongó borzongott ― borzongva (borzongván)
potential conjugation of borzong
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal		 3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		 1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal		 3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonghatok borzonghatsz borzonghat borzonghatunk borzonghattok borzonghatnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. borzonghattam borzonghattál borzonghatott borzonghattunk borzonghattatok borzonghattak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic
Preterit		 Indef. borzonghaték borzonghatál borzonghata borzonghatánk borzonghatátok borzonghatának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. borzonghat vala, borzonghatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future		 Indef. borzonghatandok
or borzongandhatok 		borzonghatandasz
or borzongandhatsz		 borzonghatand
or borzongandhat		 borzonghatandunk
or borzongandhatunk		 borzonghatandotok
or borzongandhattok		 borzonghatandanak
or borzongandhatnak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonghatnék borzonghatnál borzonghatna borzonghatnánk borzonghatnátok borzonghatnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. borzonghatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonghassak borzonghass or
borzonghassál		 borzonghasson borzonghassunk borzonghassatok borzonghassanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. borzonghatott légyen
Inf. (borzonghatni) (borzonghatnom) (borzonghatnod) (borzonghatnia) (borzonghatnunk) (borzonghatnotok) (borzonghatniuk)
Positive adjective ― Neg. adj. ― Adv. part. (borzonghatva / borzonghatván)

or

conjugation of borzong
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal		 3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		 1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal		 3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzongok borzongsz borzong borzongunk borzongtok borzongnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. borzongtam borzongtál borzongott borzongtunk borzongtatok borzongtak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. borzongni fog.
Archaic
Preterit		 Indef. borzongék borzongál borzonga borzongánk borzongátok borzongának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. borzong vala, borzongott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future		 Indef. borzongandok borzongandasz borzongand borzongandunk borzongandotok borzongandanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzongnék borzongnál borzongna borzongnánk borzongnátok borzongnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. borzongott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzongjak borzongj or
borzongjál		 borzongjon borzongjunk borzongjatok borzongjanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. borzongott légyen
Infinitive borzongni borzongnom borzongnod borzongnia borzongnunk borzongnotok borzongniuk
Other
forms		 Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
borzongás borzongó borzongott ― borzongva (borzongván)
potential conjugation of borzong
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal		 3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		 1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal		 3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonghatok borzonghatsz borzonghat borzonghatunk borzonghattok borzonghatnak
Def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indef. borzonghattam borzonghattál borzonghatott borzonghattunk borzonghattatok borzonghattak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic
Preterit		 Indef. borzonghaték borzonghatál borzonghata borzonghatánk borzonghatátok borzonghatának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. borzonghat vala, borzonghatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future		 Indef. borzonghatandok
or borzongandhatok 		borzonghatandasz
or borzongandhatsz		 borzonghatand
or borzongandhat		 borzonghatandunk
or borzongandhatunk		 borzonghatandotok
or borzongandhattok		 borzonghatandanak
or borzongandhatnak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Condi­tional
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonghatnék borzonghatnál borzonghatna borzonghatnánk borzonghatnátok borzonghatnának
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. borzonghatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. borzonghassak borzonghass or
borzonghassál		 borzonghasson borzonghassunk borzonghassatok borzonghassanak
Def. ―
2nd-p. o. ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. borzonghatott légyen
Inf. (borzonghatni) (borzonghatnom) (borzonghatnod) (borzonghatnia) (borzonghatnunk) (borzonghatnotok) (borzonghatniuk)
Positive adjective ― Neg. adj. ― Adv. part. (borzonghatva / borzonghatván)

Derived terms
  • borzongat
  • borzongás
  • borzongós

(With verbal prefixes):

  • beleborzong
  • megborzong
  • összeborzong
  • végigborzong

References
  1. borzong in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading
  • borzong in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • borzong in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
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