beken
See also: békén
English
Etymology
From Middle English bekennen, bikennen, equivalent to be- + ken (“to perceive”). Cognate with Dutch bekennen (“to acknowledge, confess”), German bekennen (“to admit, confess”), Swedish bekänna (“to profess, confess”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bɪˈkɛn/, /bəˈkɛn/
Verb
beken (third-person singular simple present bekens, present participle bekenning, simple past and past participle bekenned or bekent)
- (transitive, obsolete) To make known; reveal.
- (transitive, obsolete) To deliver.
- (transitive, obsolete) To commit or commend to the care of.
- c. 1385, William Langland, Piers Plowman, section II:
- Now I bikenne þe criste quod she · and his clene moder.
- (transitive, chiefly Scotland) To commit.
- (transitive, chiefly Scotland) To admit as possessor.
- (transitive, chiefly Scotland) To acquaint; instruct.
Dutch
Pronunciation
audio (file) - IPA(key): /ˈbeːkə(n)/
- Rhymes: -eːkən
Pronunciation
audio (file) - IPA(key): /bəˈkɛn/
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbɛkɛn]
- Hyphenation: be‧ken
- Rhymes: -ɛn
Verb
beken
Conjugation
conjugation of beken
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bekenek | bekensz | beken | bekenünk | bekentek | bekennek | |
Def. | bekenem | bekened | bekeni | bekenjük | bekenitek | bekenik | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | bekentem | bekentél | bekent | bekentünk | bekentetek | bekentek | ||
Def. | bekentem | bekented | bekente | bekentük | bekentétek | bekenték | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekentelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. be fog kenni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bekenék | bekenél | bekene | bekenénk | bekenétek | bekenének | ||
Def. | bekeném | bekenéd | bekené | bekenénk | bekenétek | bekenék | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. beken vala, bekent vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | bekenendek | bekenendesz | bekenend | bekenendünk | bekenendetek | bekenendenek | ||
Def. | bekenendem | bekenended | bekenendi | bekenendjük | bekenenditek | bekenendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bekennék | bekennél | bekenne | bekennénk | bekennétek | bekennének | |
Def. | bekenném | bekennéd | bekenné | bekennénk (or bekennők) |
bekennétek | bekennék | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekennélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bekent volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bekenjek | bekenj or bekenjél |
bekenjen | bekenjünk | bekenjetek | bekenjenek | |
Def. | bekenjem | bekend or bekenjed |
bekenje | bekenjük | bekenjétek | bekenjék | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenjelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bekent légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | bekenni | bekennem | bekenned | bekennie | bekennünk | bekennetek | bekenniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
bekenés | bekenő | bekent | bekenendő | bekenve (bekenvén) | bekenet | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem ken be or be is ken. |
potential conjugation of beken
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bekenhetek | bekenhetsz | bekenhet | bekenhetünk | bekenhettek | bekenhetnek | |
Def. | bekenhetem | bekenheted | bekenheti | bekenhetjük | bekenhetitek | bekenhetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenhetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | bekenhettem | bekenhettél | bekenhetett | bekenhettünk | bekenhettetek | bekenhettek | ||
Def. | bekenhettem | bekenhetted | bekenhette | bekenhettük | bekenhettétek | bekenhették | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenhettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bekenheték | bekenhetél | bekenhete | bekenheténk | bekenhetétek | bekenhetének | ||
Def. | bekenhetém | bekenhetéd | bekenheté | bekenheténk | bekenhetétek | bekenheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenhetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. bekenhet vala, bekenhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | bekenhetendek or bekenandhatok |
bekenhetendesz or bekenandhatsz |
bekenhetend or bekenandhat |
bekenhetendünk or bekenandhatunk |
bekenhetendetek or bekenandhattok |
bekenhetendenek or bekenandhatnak | ||
Def. | bekenhetendem or bekenandhatom |
bekenhetended or bekenandhatod |
bekenhetendi or bekenandhatja |
bekenhetendjük or bekenandhatjuk |
bekenhetenditek or bekenandhatjátok |
bekenhetendik or bekenandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenhetendelek or bekenandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bekenhetnék | bekenhetnél | bekenhetne | bekenhetnénk | bekenhetnétek | bekenhetnének | |
Def. | bekenhetném | bekenhetnéd | bekenhetné | bekenhetnénk (or bekenhetnők) |
bekenhetnétek | bekenhetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenhetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bekenhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bekenhessek | bekenhess or bekenhessél |
bekenhessen | bekenhessünk | bekenhessetek | bekenhessenek | |
Def. | bekenhessem | bekenhesd or bekenhessed |
bekenhesse | bekenhessük | bekenhessétek | bekenhessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | bekenhesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bekenhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (bekenhetni) | (bekenhetnem) | (bekenhetned) | (bekenhetnie) | (bekenhetnünk) | (bekenhetnetek) | (bekenhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | bekenhető | Neg. adj. | bekenhetetlen | Adv. part. | (bekenhetve / bekenhetvén) | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem kenhet be or be is kenhet. |
Derived terms
- bekenés
Further reading
- beken in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- beken in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch bekend (“(well-)known”), from Middle Dutch bekent, part participle of bekennen (“to know”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [bəˈkɛn]
- Hyphenation: bê‧kèn
Derived terms
- kebekenan
Further reading
- “beken” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Middle English
Etymology
Inherited from Old English bēacn, bēcn, from Proto-West Germanic *baukn, from Proto-Germanic *baukną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbeːkən/, /ˈbɛːkən/
Noun
beken (plural bekenes)
- A fire that signals an impending attack or danger.
- (rare) The structure a beacon is placed on.
- (rare) A lighthouse.
- (rare) A flag (piece of cloth with distinctive patterning)
Related terms
Descendants
- English: beacon
- Middle Scots: bekin, beikin
References
- “bẹ̄ken, bēken, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-25.
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