at bottom

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at bottom

1. (idiomatic) Really, basically, fundamentally.
   • 1705, Daniel Defoe, The Consolidator: or, Memoirs of Sundry Transactions From the World in the Moon:

     They concerted Matters, and all at once fell to selling off their Stock, giving out daily Reports that they would be no longer concern'd, that it was a losing Trade, that the Fund at bottom was good for nothing.

   • 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter 16, in Treasure Island:

     I know you are a good man at bottom.

   • 1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 45:

     "Tess is queer." "But she's tractable at bottom. Leave her to me."

   • 1907 July 5, Mark Twain, chapter 23, in Chapters from My Autobiography:

     At bottom I supposed that he had mistaken another book for mine.

   • 1947 January 6, “The 80th Congress”, in Time, retrieved 26 June 2015:

     As the New Year opened, the survival of Western democracy rested, at bottom, on the case the U.S. would make for it.

   • 2015 June 20, Michael Lewis, “Harvard Admissions Needs ‘Moneyball for Life’”, in New York Times, retrieved 26 June 2015:

     At bottom, he does not accept any authority higher than himself.

• essentially, in the final analysis; see also Thesaurus:fundamentally

• at the bottom of
• bottom line