apo
English
See also
Bahnar
Alternative forms
- hơpo
Etymology
From Proto-Bahnaric *ʔmpəw, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mp(ɔ)ʔ (“to dream”); cognate with Halang hơpô, Koho mpao, Semai mpo, Pacoh apo/mpo, Old Mon 'ampo' (modern Mon လ္ပံ (kəpɔˀ)), Central Nicobarese [Nancowry] enfūa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔapɔː/
Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /apo/, [a.po̞]
Etymology 1
Perhaps from Spanish sapo, with simplification of los sapos to los apos. Alternatively, both words might have the same Pre-Roman origin.
Declension
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | apo | apoa | apoak |
ergative | apok | apoak | apoek |
dative | apori | apoari | apoei |
genitive | aporen | apoaren | apoen |
comitative | aporekin | apoarekin | apoekin |
causative | aporengatik | apoarengatik | apoengatik |
benefactive | aporentzat | apoarentzat | apoentzat |
instrumental | apoz | apoaz | apoez |
inessive | aporengan | apoarengan | apoengan |
locative | — | — | — |
allative | aporengana | apoarengana | apoengana |
terminative | aporenganaino | apoarenganaino | apoenganaino |
directive | aporenganantz | apoarenganantz | apoenganantz |
destinative | aporenganako | apoarenganako | apoenganako |
ablative | aporengandik | apoarengandik | apoengandik |
partitive | aporik | — | — |
prolative | apotzat | — | — |
See also
Declension
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | apo | apoa | apoak |
ergative | apok | apoak | apoek |
dative | apori | apoari | apoei |
genitive | aporen | apoaren | apoen |
comitative | aporekin | apoarekin | apoekin |
causative | aporengatik | apoarengatik | apoengatik |
benefactive | aporentzat | apoarentzat | apoentzat |
instrumental | apoz | apoaz | apoez |
inessive | apotan | apoan | apoetan |
locative | apotako | apoko | apoetako |
allative | apotara | apora | apoetara |
terminative | apotaraino | aporaino | apoetaraino |
directive | apotarantz | aporantz | apoetarantz |
destinative | apotarako | aporako | apoetarako |
ablative | apotatik | apotik | apoetatik |
partitive | aporik | — | — |
prolative | apotzat | — | — |
Bikol Central
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: a‧po
- IPA(key): /ˈʔapoʔ/, [ˈʔa.poʔ]
Cebuano
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: a‧po
- IPA(key): /ʔaˈpo/, [ʔʌˈpo]
East Futuna
Synonyms
- pomo (Sigave)
References
- Claire Moyse-Faurie, Borrowings from Romance languages in Oceanic languages, in Aspects of Language Contact (2008, →ISBN
Eastern Bontoc
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Hiligaynon
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Ibaloi
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Ilocano
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: a‧po
- IPA(key): /ʔaˈpo/, [ʔɐˈpu]
Noun
apó
- (usually endearing, familiar) grandparent
- (usually endearing, familiar) master; mistress
- sir; madam
- grandchild
Indonesian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa.po/
- Rhymes: -po, -o
- Hyphenation: a‧po
Noun
apo (plural apo-apo, first-person possessive apoku, second-person possessive apomu, third-person possessive aponya)
- flat-topped hills
Further reading
- “apo” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa.po/
- Rhymes: -apo
- Hyphenation: à‧po
Anagrams
Kankanaey
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Kari'na
Etymology
From Proto-Cariban *apô; compare Apalaí apo, Trió apë, Wayana apë, Waiwai apo, Akawaio apö, Pemon apue, Ye'kwana ajö, Yao (South America) iapelly.
References
- Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary, Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 232
- Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “apo”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 91; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes, Paris, 1956, page 92
Kayapa Kallahan
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *apō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to get, grab; to join”). Cognate with apex, Hittite 𒄩𒀊 (ḫapp-, “to join, attach”), Ancient Greek ἅπτω (háptō, “I fasten”).
The term is only attested in another form than the participle in the work of the grammarian Sextus Pompeius Festus and in the Etymologiae of Saint Isidore of Seville.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈa.poː/, [ˈäpoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.po/, [ˈäːpo]
Verb
apō (present infinitive apere, perfect active apī, supine aptum); third conjugation
- to fasten; attach, connect; join, bind
- c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.15.1:
- […] linguam autem dēbēre aiunt non esse līberam nec vagam, sed vinclīs de pectore īmō ac dē corde aptīs movērī et quasi gubernārī.
- They say that the tongue should not be free and wandering, but that it should be moved and, so to say, steered by cords attached to the deep chest and heart.
- […] linguam autem dēbēre aiunt non esse līberam nec vagam, sed vinclīs de pectore īmō ac dē corde aptīs movērī et quasi gubernārī.
- 1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 17, line 9:
- Apex, quod est sacerdotum īnsigne, dictus est ab eō, quod comprehendere antīquī vinculō apere dīcēbant. Unde aptus est, quī conventienter alicui iūnctus est.
- The apex, which is the ensign of the Flamen, is called so because of the fact that in, the old language, tying with a rope was called apere. Whence aptus is something which is conventiently joined to something.
Conjugation
Conjugation of apō (third conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | apō | apis | apit | apimus | apitis | apunt |
imperfect | apēbam | apēbās | apēbat | apēbāmus | apēbātis | apēbant | |
future | apam | apēs | apet | apēmus | apētis | apent | |
perfect | apī | apistī | apit | apimus | apistis | apērunt, apēre | |
pluperfect | aperam | aperās | aperat | aperāmus | aperātis | aperant | |
future perfect | aperō | aperis | aperit | aperimus | aperitis | aperint | |
passive | present | apor | aperis, apere |
apitur | apimur | apiminī | apuntur |
imperfect | apēbar | apēbāris, apēbāre |
apēbātur | apēbāmur | apēbāminī | apēbantur | |
future | apar | apēris, apēre |
apētur | apēmur | apēminī | apentur | |
perfect | aptus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | aptus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | aptus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | apam | apās | apat | apāmus | apātis | apant |
imperfect | aperem | aperēs | aperet | aperēmus | aperētis | aperent | |
perfect | aperim | aperīs | aperit | aperīmus | aperītis | aperint | |
pluperfect | apissem | apissēs | apisset | apissēmus | apissētis | apissent | |
passive | present | apar | apāris, apāre |
apātur | apāmur | apāminī | apantur |
imperfect | aperer | aperēris, aperēre |
aperētur | aperēmur | aperēminī | aperentur | |
perfect | aptus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | aptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | ape | — | — | apite | — |
future | — | apitō | apitō | — | apitōte | apuntō | |
passive | present | — | apere | — | — | apiminī | — |
future | — | apitor | apitor | — | — | apuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | apere | apisse | aptūrum esse | apī | aptum esse | aptum īrī | |
participles | apēns | — | aptūrus | — | aptus | apendus, apundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
apendī | apendō | apendum | apendō | aptum | aptū |
References
- “apo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- apo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “apīscor”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *apō, see also Old English apa, Old High German affo, Old Norse api.
Tagalog
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”). Compare Kapampangan apu, Malayalam അപ്പൂപ്പൻ (appūppaṉ, “grandfather”), and Hokkien 阿婆 (a-pô, “paternal grandmother”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog)
- IPA(key): /ʔaˈpo/ [ʔɐˈpo] (“grandchild”, noun)
- Rhymes: -o
- IPA(key): /ˈʔapoʔ/ [ˈʔa.poʔ] (“grandparent; ancestor; master; boss”, noun)
- Rhymes: -apoʔ
- IPA(key): /ʔaˈpo/ [ʔɐˈpo] (“grandchild”, noun)
- Syllabification: a‧po
Derived terms
- apo sa pamangkin
- apo sa sakong
- apo sa sinapupunan
- apo sa tagiliran
- apo sa talampakan
- apo sa tuhod
- inapo
- kaapu-apuhan
- pag-aapuhan
Noun
apò (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓ)
Derived terms
- apuin
- kaapuan
- pagkaapo
Further reading
- “apo” at KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2021
- “apo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Blust, Robert, Trussel, Stephen (2010–) “*apu”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
- Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 303
Waray-Waray
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Yami
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ā.k͡pó/
Noun
apó
- quiver
- ikú ọdẹ ń bẹ nínú apó ― What will be the death of the hunter is lurking inside the quiver
Derived terms
- Aníkúlápó (“A Yoruba name meaning, One who has death in their quiver”)
Etymology 2
.jpg.webp)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /à.k͡pò/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /à.k͡pò/