aphula

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-áphúla

  1. (transitive) to break, to fracture

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-aphula?

  1. (transitive) to break, to fracture
  2. (transitive) to kill suddenly

Inflection
Tone unknown
Infinitive ukwaphula
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukwaphula ukungaphuli
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular yaphula -aphule
Plural yaphulani -aphuleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaphula, ngaphula engaphulayo, engaphula ngaphula angaphuli engingaphuli ngingaphuli
2nd singular uyaphula, waphula owaphulayo, owaphula waphula awaphuli ongaphuli ungaphuli
1st plural siyaphula, saphula esaphulayo, esaphula saphula asaphuli esingaphuli singaphuli
2nd plural niyaphula, naphula enaphulayo, enaphula naphula anaphuli eningaphuli ningaphuli
Class 1 uyaphula, waphula owaphulayo, owaphula aphula akaphuli ongaphuli engaphuli
Class 2 bayaphula, baphula abaphulayo, abaphula baphula abaphuli abangaphuli bengaphuli
Class 3 uyaphula, waphula owaphulayo, owaphula waphula awaphuli ongaphuli ungaphuli
Class 4 iyaphula, yaphula eyaphulayo, eyaphula yaphula ayaphuli engaphuli ingaphuli
Class 5 liyaphula, laphula elaphulayo, elaphula laphula alaphuli elingaphuli lingaphuli
Class 6 ayaphula, aphula aphulayo, aphula aphula awaphuli angaphuli engaphuli
Class 7 siyaphula, saphula esaphulayo, esaphula saphula asaphuli esingaphuli singaphuli
Class 8 ziyaphula, zaphula ezaphulayo, ezaphula zaphula azaphuli ezingaphuli zingaphuli
Class 9 iyaphula, yaphula eyaphulayo, eyaphula yaphula ayaphuli engaphuli ingaphuli
Class 10 ziyaphula, zaphula ezaphulayo, ezaphula zaphula azaphuli ezingaphuli zingaphuli
Class 11 luyaphula, lwaphula olwaphulayo, olwaphula lwaphula alwaphuli olungaphuli lungaphuli
Class 14 buyaphula, baphula obaphulayo, obaphula baphula abaphuli obungaphuli bungaphuli
Class 15 kuyaphula, kwaphula okwaphulayo, okwaphula kwaphula akwaphuli okungaphuli kungaphuli
Class 17 kuyaphula, kwaphula okwaphulayo, okwaphula kwaphula akwaphuli okungaphuli kungaphuli
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngaphulile, ngaphulē engaphulile, engaphulē ngaphulile, ngaphulē angaphulanga engingaphulanga ngingaphulanga
2nd singular waphulile, waphulē owaphulile, owaphulē waphulile, waphulē awaphulanga ongaphulanga ungaphulanga
1st plural saphulile, saphulē esaphulile, esaphulē saphulile, saphulē asaphulanga esingaphulanga singaphulanga
2nd plural naphulile, naphulē enaphulile, enaphulē naphulile, naphulē anaphulanga eningaphulanga ningaphulanga
Class 1 waphulile, waphulē owaphulile, owaphulē aphulile, aphulē akaphulanga ongaphulanga engaphulanga
Class 2 baphulile, baphulē abaphulile, abaphulē baphulile, baphulē abaphulanga abangaphulanga bengaphulanga
Class 3 waphulile, waphulē owaphulile, owaphulē waphulile, waphulē awaphulanga ongaphulanga ungaphulanga
Class 4 yaphulile, yaphulē eyaphulile, eyaphulē yaphulile, yaphulē ayaphulanga engaphulanga ingaphulanga
Class 5 laphulile, laphulē elaphulile, elaphulē laphulile, laphulē alaphulanga elingaphulanga lingaphulanga
Class 6 aphulile, aphulē aphulile, aphulē aphulile, aphulē awaphulanga angaphulanga engaphulanga
Class 7 saphulile, saphulē esaphulile, esaphulē saphulile, saphulē asaphulanga esingaphulanga singaphulanga
Class 8 zaphulile, zaphulē ezaphulile, ezaphulē zaphulile, zaphulē azaphulanga ezingaphulanga zingaphulanga
Class 9 yaphulile, yaphulē eyaphulile, eyaphulē yaphulile, yaphulē ayaphulanga engaphulanga ingaphulanga
Class 10 zaphulile, zaphulē ezaphulile, ezaphulē zaphulile, zaphulē azaphulanga ezingaphulanga zingaphulanga
Class 11 lwaphulile, lwaphulē olwaphulile, olwaphulē lwaphulile, lwaphulē alwaphulanga olungaphulanga lungaphulanga
Class 14 baphulile, baphulē obaphulile, obaphulē baphulile, baphulē abaphulanga obungaphulanga bungaphulanga
Class 15 kwaphulile, kwaphulē okwaphulile, okwaphulē kwaphulile, kwaphulē akwaphulanga okungaphulanga kungaphulanga
Class 17 kwaphulile, kwaphulē okwaphulile, okwaphulē kwaphulile, kwaphulē akwaphulanga okungaphulanga kungaphulanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāphula engāphula ngāphula angaphulanga engingaphulanga ngingaphulanga
2nd singular wāphula owāphula wāphula awaphulanga ongaphulanga ungaphulanga
1st plural sāphula esāphula sāphula asaphulanga esingaphulanga singaphulanga
2nd plural nāphula enāphula nāphula anaphulanga eningaphulanga ningaphulanga
Class 1 wāphula owāphula āphula akaphulanga ongaphulanga engaphulanga
Class 2 bāphula abāphula bāphula abaphulanga abangaphulanga bengaphulanga
Class 3 wāphula owāphula wāphula awaphulanga ongaphulanga ungaphulanga
Class 4 yāphula eyāphula yāphula ayaphulanga engaphulanga ingaphulanga
Class 5 lāphula elāphula lāphula alaphulanga elingaphulanga lingaphulanga
Class 6 āphula āphula āphula awaphulanga angaphulanga engaphulanga
Class 7 sāphula esāphula sāphula asaphulanga esingaphulanga singaphulanga
Class 8 zāphula ezāphula zāphula azaphulanga ezingaphulanga zingaphulanga
Class 9 yāphula eyāphula yāphula ayaphulanga engaphulanga ingaphulanga
Class 10 zāphula ezāphula zāphula azaphulanga ezingaphulanga zingaphulanga
Class 11 lwāphula olwāphula lwāphula alwaphulanga olungaphulanga lungaphulanga
Class 14 bāphula obāphula bāphula abaphulanga obungaphulanga bungaphulanga
Class 15 kwāphula okwāphula kwāphula akwaphulanga okungaphulanga kungaphulanga
Class 17 kwāphula okwāphula kwāphula akwaphulanga okungaphulanga kungaphulanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaphula — ngingaphula ngingaphule — ngingaphule
2nd singular ungaphula — ungaphula ungaphule — ungaphule
1st plural singaphula — singaphula singaphule — singaphule
2nd plural ningaphula — ningaphula ningaphule — ningaphule
Class 1 angaphula — engaphula angaphule — engaphule
Class 2 bangaphula — bengaphula bangaphule — bengaphule
Class 3 ungaphula — ungaphula ungaphule — ungaphule
Class 4 ingaphula — ingaphula ingaphule — ingaphule
Class 5 lingaphula — lingaphula lingaphule — lingaphule
Class 6 angaphula — engaphula angaphule — engaphule
Class 7 singaphula — singaphula singaphule — singaphule
Class 8 zingaphula — zingaphula zingaphule — zingaphule
Class 9 ingaphula — ingaphula ingaphule — ingaphule
Class 10 zingaphula — zingaphula zingaphule — zingaphule
Class 11 lungaphula — lungaphula lungaphule — lungaphule
Class 14 bungaphula — bungaphula bungaphule — bungaphule
Class 15 kungaphula — kungaphula kungaphule — kungaphule
Class 17 kungaphula — kungaphula kungaphule — kungaphule
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizokwaphula engizokwaphula ngizokwaphula angizukwaphula engingezukwaphula ngingezukwaphula
2nd singular uzokwaphula ozokwaphula uzokwaphula awuzukwaphula ongezukwaphula ungezukwaphula
1st plural sizokwaphula esizokwaphula sizokwaphula asizukwaphula esingezukwaphula singezukwaphula
2nd plural nizokwaphula enizokwaphula nizokwaphula anizukwaphula eningezukwaphula ningezukwaphula
Class 1 uzokwaphula ozokwaphula ezokwaphula akazukwaphula ongezukwaphula engezukwaphula
Class 2 bazokwaphula abazokwaphula bezokwaphula abazukwaphula abangezukwaphula bengezukwaphula
Class 3 uzokwaphula ozokwaphula uzokwaphula awuzukwaphula ongezukwaphula ungezukwaphula
Class 4 izokwaphula ezokwaphula izokwaphula ayizukwaphula engezukwaphula ingezukwaphula
Class 5 lizokwaphula elizokwaphula lizokwaphula alizukwaphula elingezukwaphula lingezukwaphula
Class 6 azokwaphula azokwaphula ezokwaphula awazukwaphula angezukwaphula engezukwaphula
Class 7 sizokwaphula esizokwaphula sizokwaphula asizukwaphula esingezukwaphula singezukwaphula
Class 8 zizokwaphula ezizokwaphula zizokwaphula azizukwaphula ezingezukwaphula zingezukwaphula
Class 9 izokwaphula ezokwaphula izokwaphula ayizukwaphula engezukwaphula ingezukwaphula
Class 10 zizokwaphula ezizokwaphula zizokwaphula azizukwaphula ezingezukwaphula zingezukwaphula
Class 11 luzokwaphula oluzokwaphula luzokwaphula aluzukwaphula olungezukwaphula lungezukwaphula
Class 14 buzokwaphula obuzokwaphula buzokwaphula abuzukwaphula obungezukwaphula bungezukwaphula
Class 15 kuzokwaphula okuzokwaphula kuzokwaphula akuzukwaphula okungezukwaphula kungezukwaphula
Class 17 kuzokwaphula okuzokwaphula kuzokwaphula akuzukwaphula okungezukwaphula kungezukwaphula
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyokwaphula engiyokwaphula ngiyokwaphula angiyukwaphula engingeyukwaphula ngingeyukwaphula
2nd singular uyokwaphula oyokwaphula uyokwaphula awuyukwaphula ongeyukwaphula ungeyukwaphula
1st plural siyokwaphula esiyokwaphula siyokwaphula asiyukwaphula esingeyukwaphula singeyukwaphula
2nd plural niyokwaphula eniyokwaphula niyokwaphula aniyukwaphula eningeyukwaphula ningeyukwaphula
Class 1 uyokwaphula oyokwaphula eyokwaphula akayukwaphula ongeyukwaphula engeyukwaphula
Class 2 bayokwaphula abayokwaphula beyokwaphula abayukwaphula abangeyukwaphula bengeyukwaphula
Class 3 uyokwaphula oyokwaphula uyokwaphula awuyukwaphula ongeyukwaphula ungeyukwaphula
Class 4 iyokwaphula eyokwaphula iyokwaphula ayiyukwaphula engeyukwaphula ingeyukwaphula
Class 5 liyokwaphula eliyokwaphula liyokwaphula aliyukwaphula elingeyukwaphula lingeyukwaphula
Class 6 ayokwaphula ayokwaphula eyokwaphula awayukwaphula angeyukwaphula engeyukwaphula
Class 7 siyokwaphula esiyokwaphula siyokwaphula asiyukwaphula esingeyukwaphula singeyukwaphula
Class 8 ziyokwaphula eziyokwaphula ziyokwaphula aziyukwaphula ezingeyukwaphula zingeyukwaphula
Class 9 iyokwaphula eyokwaphula iyokwaphula ayiyukwaphula engeyukwaphula ingeyukwaphula
Class 10 ziyokwaphula eziyokwaphula ziyokwaphula aziyukwaphula ezingeyukwaphula zingeyukwaphula
Class 11 luyokwaphula oluyokwaphula luyokwaphula aluyukwaphula olungeyukwaphula lungeyukwaphula
Class 14 buyokwaphula obuyokwaphula buyokwaphula abuyukwaphula obungeyukwaphula bungeyukwaphula
Class 15 kuyokwaphula okuyokwaphula kuyokwaphula akuyukwaphula okungeyukwaphula kungeyukwaphula
Class 17 kuyokwaphula okuyokwaphula kuyokwaphula akuyukwaphula okungeyukwaphula kungeyukwaphula
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaphule ngingaphuli
2nd singular waphule ungaphuli
1st plural saphule singaphuli
2nd plural naphule ningaphuli
Class 1 aphule angaphuli
Class 2 baphule bangaphuli
Class 3 waphule ungaphuli
Class 4 yaphule ingaphuli
Class 5 laphule lingaphuli
Class 6 aphule angaphuli
Class 7 saphule singaphuli
Class 8 zaphule zingaphuli
Class 9 yaphule ingaphuli
Class 10 zaphule zingaphuli
Class 11 lwaphule lungaphuli
Class 14 baphule bungaphuli
Class 15 kwaphule kungaphuli
Class 17 kwaphule kungaphuli
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaphula ngangaphula, angaphula, angangaphula
2nd singular waphula wangaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
1st plural saphula sangaphula, asaphula, asangaphula
2nd plural naphula nangaphula, anaphula, anangaphula
Class 1 waphula wangaphula, akaphula, akangaphula
Class 2 baphula bangaphula, abaphula, abangaphula
Class 3 waphula wangaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
Class 4 yaphula yangaphula, ayaphula, ayangaphula
Class 5 laphula langaphula, alaphula, alangaphula
Class 6 aphula angaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
Class 7 saphula sangaphula, asaphula, asangaphula
Class 8 zaphula zangaphula, azaphula, azangaphula
Class 9 yaphula yangaphula, ayaphula, ayangaphula
Class 10 zaphula zangaphula, azaphula, azangaphula
Class 11 lwaphula lwangaphula, alwaphula, alwangaphula
Class 14 baphula bangaphula, abaphula, abangaphula
Class 15 kwaphula kwangaphula, akwaphula, akwangaphula
Class 17 kwaphula kwangaphula, akwaphula, akwangaphula

Derived terms
  • -aphulela (applicative)
  • -aphulisa (causative)
  • -aphulaphula (diminutive)
  • -aphulisisa (intensive)
  • -aphulwa (passive)
  • -aphulana (reciprocal)
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