-auti
Lithuanian
Etymology
Cognate with Old Prussian -aut, Proto-Slavic *-ovati.[1] It has further been connected to the similar suffix -úoti, Latvian -uot, although the relationship is debated.[2][1]
Suffix
-áuti (third-person present tense -áuja, third-person past tense -ãvo)
Conjugation
Conjugation of -auti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
-auju | -auji | -auja | -aujame, -aujam |
-aujate, -aujat |
-auja | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
-avau | -avai | -avo | -avome, -avom |
-avote, -avot |
-avo | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
-audavau | -audavai | -audavo | -audavome, -audavom |
-audavote, -audavot |
-audavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
-ausiu | -ausi | -aus | -ausime, -ausim |
-ausite, -ausit |
-aus | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
-aučiau | -autum, -autumei |
-autų | -autumėme, -autumėm, -autume |
-autumėte, -autumėt |
-autų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | -auk, -auki |
te-auja, te-aujie |
-aukime, -aukim |
-aukite, -aukit |
te-auja, te-aujie | ||
Participles of -auti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | -aująs, -aujantis | -aujamas | |
| past | -avęs | -autas | |
| past frequentative | -audavęs | — | |
| future | -ausiąs, -ausiantis | -ausimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | -autinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | -audamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | -aujant | |
| past | -avus | ||
| past frequentative | -audavus | ||
| future | -ausiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | -aute, -autinai | ||
Derived terms
Lithuanian terms suffixed with -auti
References
- Miguel Villanueva Svensson (2014) “The origins of the denominative type Lith. ‑áuti, ‑áuja, OCS ‑ovati, ‑ujǫ”, in Baltistica, volume 49, number 2, , pages 251–264
- Frederik Kortlandt (1995) “Lithuanian verbs in -auti and -uoti”, in Linguistica Baltica, volume 4, pages 141—143
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