疫

疫	U+75AB, 疫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-75AB

← 疪
[U+75AA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

疬 →
[U+75AC]

Translingual

Han character

疫 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 大竹弓水 (KHNE), four-corner 0014₇, composition ⿸疒殳)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 770, character 18

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22069

Dae Jaweon: page 1180, character 18

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2663, character 8

Unihan data for U+75AB

Chinese

simp. and trad.		疫
alternative forms		𤶣𤴥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 疫
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (役) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
椺	ɦmluːʔ, ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ
役	*ɢʷeɡ
疫	*ɢʷeɡ
垼	*ɢʷeɡ
炈	*ɢʷeɡ
鈠	*ɢʷeɡ
豛	*ɢʷeɡ
坄	doː, leɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷeɡ) : semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + abbreviated phonetic 役 (OC *ɢʷeɡ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yuo²
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yi̍t

(Meixian, Guangdong): yid⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): ieh⁴
Northern Min (KCR): ĭ
Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ia̍h / e̍k / ia̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): mog⁸ / êg⁸
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁸yoq; ⁸yuq / ⁸yuq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Yale: yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: yuo²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iuo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yo²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik⁶
  - Yale: yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yid⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ieh⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəʔ²/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iah
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ek
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/

Note:

ia̍h - vernacular;
e̍k/ia̍k - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mog⁸ / êg⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mo̍k / e̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mok̚⁴/, /ek̚⁴/

Note: mog8 - vernacular (俗).

Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸yoq; ⁸yuq
  - MiniDict: yoh^入; yuih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵hhioq; ⁵hhyq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦioʔ¹²/, /ɦyɪʔ¹²/
- (Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁸yuq
  - MiniDict: yuih^入
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦyəʔ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: y⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 疫
Mandarin	Beijing	/i⁵¹/
	Harbin	/i⁵³/
	Tianjin	/i⁵³/
	Jinan	/i²¹/
	Qingdao	/i⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/i⁴²/
	Xi'an	/i²⁴/
	Xining	/ji²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/i¹³/
	Lanzhou	/i⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/i²¹³/
	Wuhan	/y²¹³/
	Chengdu	/yo³¹/
	Guiyang	/iu²¹/
	Kunming	/i³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʐuʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/yəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/yʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/i⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ɦyəʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/ɦioʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/jy²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/yʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/y⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/y²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/y²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/it̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jek̚²/
	Nanning	/jek̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/jik̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ik̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/iʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/i²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/mok̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/muak̚³/

Middle Chinese: ywek

Rime
Character	疫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	昔 (124)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	營隻切
Baxter	ywek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jwiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iuɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wik⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷek/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷeɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	疫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ywek ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷek/
English	epidemic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	疫
Reading #	1/1
No.	15007
Phonetic component	役
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	役
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷeɡ/

Definitions

疫

epidemic; plague; pestilence

Compounds

人工免疫
免疫 (miǎnyì)
免疫作用
免疫力 (miǎnyìlì)
免疫系統／免疫系统 (miǎnyì xìtǒng)
免疫血清 (miǎnyì xuèqīng)
動物檢疫／动物检疫
口服疫苗
口蹄疫 (kǒutíyì)
基礎免疫／基础免疫
天然免疫
抗疫 (kàngyì)
時疫／时疫 (shíyì)
晚疫病
染疫 (rǎnyì)
檢疫／检疫 (jiǎnyì)
沙克疫苗
沙賓疫苗／沙宾疫苗
活性疫苗
海港檢疫／海港检疫
混合疫苗
畜疫
疫區／疫区 (yìqū)
疫氣／疫气 (yìqì)
疫病 (yìbìng)
疫癘／疫疠 (yìlì)
疫苗 (yìmiáo)
疫鬼 (yìguǐ)
瘟疫 (wēnyì)
瘴疫
白喉疫苗
自然免疫
虎疫
被動免疫／被动免疫
防疫 (fángyì)
霍亂疫區／霍乱疫区
驗疫／验疫
鼠疫 (shǔyì)

References

“疫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

疫

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

epidemic

Readings

Go-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō ^†)
Kan-on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
Kun: え (e, 疫); えやみ (eyami, 疫)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

疫 • (yeok) (hangeul 역, revised yeok, McCune–Reischauer yŏk, Yale yek)

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Vietnamese

Han character

疫: Hán Nôm readings: dịch

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