俄

俄 U+4FC4, 俄
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FC4
← 促
[U+4FC3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 俅 →
[U+4FC5]

Translingual

Han character

俄 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人竹手戈 (OHQI), four-corner 23250, composition ⿰亻我)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 104, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 665
  • Dae Jaweon: page 220, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 162, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+4FC4

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 俄

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 俄
Small seal script

s05857

Transcribed ancient scripts

L08399

L08400

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
莪 *ŋaːl
哦 *ŋaːl
娥 *ŋaːl
峨 *ŋaːl
峩 *ŋaːl
鵝 *ŋaːl
俄 *ŋaːl
蛾 *ŋaːl, *ŋralʔ
睋 *ŋaːl
涐 *ŋaːl
誐 *ŋaːl
硪 *ŋaːl, *ŋaːlʔ
我 *ŋaːlʔ
騀 *ŋaːlʔ
餓 *ŋaːls
義 *ŋrals
儀 *ŋral
轙 *ŋral, *ŋralʔ
檥 *ŋral, *ŋralʔ
蟻 *ŋralʔ
艤 *ŋralʔ
礒 *ŋralʔ
羛 *ŋralʔ, *hŋral
議 *ŋrals
犧 *hŋral
曦 *hŋral
羲 *hŋral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːl) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 俄
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 五何切
Baxter nga
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋɑ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋɑ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋa/
Li
Rong		 /ŋɑ/
Wang
Li		 /ŋɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 é
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ngo4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 俄
Reading # 1/1
No. 13035
Phonetic
component		 我
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 莪
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋaːl/

Definitions

俄

  1. suddenly; (very) soon; presently
    俄而  ―  é'ér  ―  after a while; presently
  2. tilted

Compounds

Pronunciation

Definitions

俄

  1. Short for 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī).: Russia (The largest country in the world, a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)
    俄語／俄语  ―  Éyǔ  ―  Russian language

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji
俄

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings
  • Go-on: が (ga)
  • Kan-on: が (ga)
  • Kun: にわか (niwaka, 俄)←にはか (nifaka, 俄, historical)

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
俄
にわか
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 俄 – see the following entry.
【にわか】
[adjective] [from 790s] sudden, abrupt, unexpected, improvised, offhand
[adjective] [from 759] suddenly serious (said of an illness; most often in the construction にわかになる (niwaka ni naru))
[adjective] [from early 1200s] temporary, makeshift, impermanent, ad hoc
[noun] Short for 俄狂言 (niwaka kyōgen, “a farce; an impromptu comic interlude during a Noh play”).
[noun] (by extension) any impromptu joke, witticism, or pun
[noun] Short for 俄ファン (niwaka fan, “(Internet slang) bandwagon fan”).
Alternative spelling
俄か
(This term, 俄, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
俄
が
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 俄 (MC nga).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠]

Affix

俄(が) • (ga) 

  1. sudden, abrupt, unexpected
Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

俄 (eum 아 (a))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

俄: Hán Việt readings: nga (五(ngũ)何(hà)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
俄: Nôm readings: nga[1][2][3][6], ngoa[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of Nga, nga (“Russia, Russian”).
  2. chữ Hán form of nga (“sudden; in an instant”).

Compounds

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Bonet (1899).
  4. Génibrel (1898).
  5. Trần (2004).
  6. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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